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How have femininity and masculinity been defined and understood in China from prehistoric times to the present day?
Gender History in China presents for the first time in English the work of leading Japanese scholars in the fields of archaeology, history, literature, sociology and law who examine the gender dynamics that have shaped and changed Chinese society over several thousand years. The eighteen chapters and six columns look at the ways gender norms and customary legal practices shaped the family, kinship, and the social order, and how those norms were reflected in work patterns, inheritance, daily life, and literary works. Attention is given to the fundamental principle of qi (material essence) as a building block in cosmology, as well as in legal understandings of family relations. The second part of the volume turns to the dramatic changes in gender patterns from the late nineteenth century, looking at the inflow of new ideas, the struggle for political rights and economic equality, and the institution of new gender norms in socialist and reform-era China. The authors take up such topics as the view of the body in relation to Chinese cosmology, the incorporation of the military man into China's model of hegemonic masculinity, the household registration system as a means of control, the appraisal of "talented women", and the intersection of gender norms and nationalism. Gender History in China enriches our understanding of Chinese history and of contemporary Chinese society.
Contents
Figures
Contributors
Acknowledgement
Preface: Gender Order in Chinese History
[PART I]
Phase I: Pre-Qin to Sui-Tang: Classical China - The Formation of Patrilineal Society
Introduction
1. Gender Structure in Pre-Qin China from an Archaeological Perspective
2. The Patrilinealization of Society
3. Literature and Women in China
4. The Family in the Tang Period
Column 1: Introduction of Historical Materials: Wives' Divorce and Daughters'
Inheritance of Property, Seen in Dunhuang Documents
Column 2: Empress Wu Zetian and Thereafter
Phase II: Song to Ming-Qing: Traditional China - The Strengthening of Gender Norms
Introduction
5. Livelihood and Gender in the Tang and Song Dynasties
Focal Point: An Overview of Shiga Shuzo's Principles of Chinese Family Law
6. Traditional Family Ideology and the Chen-Zhu School
7. Marriage and 'Chastity': Structure and Change
8. The Sense of Social Status and Gender
Column 3: Court Ladies and Gender
Phase III: Modern and Contemporary China - Changing Gender Order
Introduction
9. Nationalism and Gender
10. Masculinity in Modern China
11. Discourses on the Family, Love and Sex in Modern China
12. Women's Labor in Modern and Contemporary China
13. The Founding of the People's Republic of China and the Transformation of Gender Order
14. Rearrangement of Gender Order in Post-Mao China: Changing Networks of Women's Federations
Column 4: Two Histories of Women in Modern China
[PART II]
15. The Household Register and the Family in Ancient China
16. Perceptions of 'Talented Women'
17. Healthcare, the Body and Gender in Chinese Medicine
18. The History of Women's/Gender Studies and Feminism in China
Column 5: Sexual Minorities
Column 6: Theatre and Gender
Bibliography
Index
