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Full Description
This book concerns renewable energy sources and in particular, it collects the state-of-the-art in thermal solar techniques and biomasses. Conventional energy sources based on oil, coal and natural gas are damaging economic and social progress, the environment and human life. Many people are concerned about these problems and wish to address the symptoms as a matter of urgency, but not all understand the basic causes and consequently do not realize that not only technological, but also social changes are required. It is now widely acknowledged that renewable energy capacity has to be increased by exploiting its enormous potential. A policy of energy sustainability can't leave solar energy exploitation out of consideration. Besides being the origin of almost all the other energy sources, renewable and conventional, excluding geothermic, nuclear and gravitational (tides) ones, the energy provided by the Sun is free, endless and clean (the devices used to exploit solar energy are characterized by very low emissions while running). Moreover solar energy is easy to harness and distribute (it is particularly abundant in many world areas with depressed and difficult economic situation).Very few books treat so diffusely the state-of-the-art in thermal solar technologies and especially biomasses, a topic in which there is a bit of confusion due to the very wide range of technologies related to this area.
Renewable energy education is a relatively new field and previously it formed a minor part of traditional university courses. However, over the past decade, several new approaches have emerged: we see these in the new literature and, even more clearly, in new books. The present treatise, in the authors' auspices, represents a contribution to this new 'incoming science'.
Contents
Part I: Sun Energy Chapter 1: The solar radiation The solar physics; The solar constant; The extraterrestrial radiation; The position of the Sun in the celestial vault; The solar radiation on the Earth's soil during clear sky days; Instantaneous direct radiation received on a surface; Instantaneous global radiation received on a surface; Calculation of direct energy received on a surface; The true solar time; The diagram of solar trajectories; The monthly average solar radiation on inclined surfaces; Daily radiation on an inclined surface; Hourly solar radiation on inclined surfaces; The local radiation data retrieval; Variation in the energy which can be intercepted by the position of the surfaces Chapter 2: Solar energy utilization Introduction; Low-temperature solar thermal technology; Medium-temperature solar thermal technology; High-temperature solar thermal technology General bibliography and consulted websites - Part I Part II: Biomasses Energy Chapter 3: Biomasses identities Introduction; Definition and classification; Origin and nature; Commercial forms Chapter 4: Energy from biomasses Biomass energy conversion; Biochemical conversion; Thermochemical conversion Chapter 5: Environmental aspects Reduction of emissions into the atmosphere
