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Full Description
In 1888, there were just four British consulates in the country; by 1921 there were twenty-three. H. Lyman Stebbins investigates the development and consequences of British imperialism in Iran in a time of international rivalry, revolution and world war. While previous narratives of Anglo-Iranian relations have focused on the highest diplomatic circles in Tehran, London, Calcutta and St. Petersburg, this book argues that British consuls and political agents made the vast southern borderlands of Iran the real centre of British power and influence during this period. Based on British consular archives from Bushihr, Shiraz, Sistan and Muhammarah, this book reveals that Britain, India and Iran were linked together by discourses of colonial knowledge and patterns of political, military and economic control. It also contextualizes the emergence of Iranian nationalism as well as the failure and collapse of the Qajar state during the Iranian Constitutional Revolution and the First World War.
Contents
Introduction 1
Part I: Consuls and the Great Game, 1889-1907
Chapter 1: Imperial Intelligence: Official British Images of Qajar Iran 11
Chapter 2: Imperial Inroads: Commerce, Conflict, and Cooperation 48
Chapter 3: Imperial Partition: Forging the Anglo-Russian Convention 81
Part II: Consuls and Revolution, 1905-1915
Chapter 4: The Revolutionary Vortex: Ideology, Faction, and Empire 116
Chapter 5: Divide et Impera: the Consolidation of British Control 151
Part III: Consuls at War, 1915-1921
Chapter 6: Proxy Wars: The Battle for Southern Iran 185
Chapter 7: Centering Tehran: The End of British Imperialism in Southern Iran 220
Conclusion 256
End Notes 266
Bibliography 326
Index [340]
