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Full Description
A few years after the Nazis came to power in Germany, an alliance of states and nationalistic movements formed, revolving around the German axis. That alliance, the states involved, and the interplay between their territorial aims and those of Germany during the interwar period and World War II are at the core of this volume. This "territorial revisionism" came to include all manner of political and military measures that attempted to change existing borders. Taking into account not just interethnic relations but also the motivations of states and nationalizing ethnocratic ruling elites, this volume reconceptualizes the history of East Central Europe during World War II. In so doing, it presents a clearer understanding of some of the central topics in the history of the war itself and offers an alternative to standard German accounts of the period and East European national histories.
Contents
Introduction: Contextualizing Territorial Revisionism: Goals, Expectations, Practices
Marina Cattaruzza and Dieter Langewiesche
The European Scenario in the Interwar Period
Revisionism in Practice
The Minorities Issue
The manifold problems of the heirs of the empires in East Central Europe
An era of Revisionism?
Chapter 1. The Worst of Friends: Germany's Allies in East Central Europe - Struggles for Regional Dominance and Ethnic Cleansing, 1938-1945
Istvan Deak
THE ROLE OF MINORITIES
Chapter 2. Minorities into majorities. Sudeten German and Transylvanian Hungarian political elites as actors of revisionism before and during the Second World War
Franz Horvath
Introduction
Some remarks on terminology (Minority groups, Revisionism, and Loyalty)
Sudeten Germans and Transylvanian Hungarians as Revisionist Minorities
Dominating the others. Sudeten Germans and Transylvanian Hungarians as Members of the Ruling Nation (1938/40-1944/45)
Conclusion
Chapter 3. Germany turns eastwards: The "Volksdeutsche" in Central and Eastern Europe
Norbert Spannenberger
Minority Politics and German "Volksgruppen" in the States of the South Eastern European Region
A Sketch of National Socialist Volksgruppen Politics in Practice
REVISIONISM AS A DRIVING FORCE
Chapter 4. Revisionism in Regional Perspective
Holly Case
Revisionism as Ideology
Revisionist and Anti-Revisionist Solidarity: The Case of the Little Entente
Lessons and Models in the Geopolitics of Revisionism: Bulgaria and Romania
Revisionism and Domestic Policy
Conclusion
Chapter 5. Hungarian Revisionism in Thought and Action, 1920-1941 (Plans, Expectations, Reality)
Ignác Romsics
Hungarian Revisionist Conceptions after Trianon
Hungarian Revisionist Politics by Negotiation and War
Chapter 6. Bulgarian Territorial Revisionism as the Driving Force for its Rapprochment with the Third Reich
Elżbieta Znamierowska-Rakk
Postwar Revisionism and Postwar Alliances
Germany as the Main Revisionist Power
The Recovery of Southern Dobrudja
Bulgaria's Accession to the Pact of Three
Conclusion
PRACTICES OF REVISIONISM
Chapter 7. Politics and Military Action of Ethnic Ukrainian Collaboration for the "New European Order"
Frank Grelka
Political Collaboration
Administrative Collaboration
Military Collaboration
Conclusion
Chapter 8. Civil War in Occupied Territories: The Polish-Ukrainian Conflict in the Interwar Years and in the Second World War
Frank Golczewski
National Disappointment
Hopes set on the Great Powers
The Changes of 1941
The Change of the Tide
After the War
Chapter 9. The Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization and Bulgarian Revisionism, 1923-1944
Stefan Troebst
Vision turned into Politics: The Bulgarian Syndrome of San Stefano
Peaceful Revisionism": Official Bulgarian Foreign Policy in the Interwar Period
Militant Revisionism: Informal Bulgarian Interwar Balkan Policy
Revision Achieved—And Lost Again: Bulgaria and IMRO in the Second World War
Legacies: IMRO in Today's Bulgarian and Macedonian Politics
Chapter 10. Romania in the Second World War: Revisionist Out of Necessity
Mariana Hausleitner
Minorities Policies, Romanization and anti-Semitism in Romania 1918-1941
The Redrawing of the Romanian Borders 1938-1940
The so called "Purification" in the Bukovina, Bessarabia and Transnistria 1941-1944
Who planned and organized the "national purification" of Romania
Conclusion
Bibliography
Index
