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Full Description
For most of our existence, humans have used stone as a primary resource for survival. Stone tools are generally resistant to degradation, and consequently comprise a large amount of the material culture found at archaeological sites worldwide. Recovery of stone tools during archaeological excavation indicates the location where they were discarded, often tied to where they were used. Determination of where the raw materials to produce those tools came from, or "sourcing" and the path it took to reach that ultimate destination, offers insight into trade and procurement patterns. The scholars gathered in this volume employ a variety of unique and novel approaches to real-life contexts in multiple geographic regions. These studies illustrate the numerous, robust options available to archaeologists and researchers today, as well as the problems that must be faced and resolved.
The first section focuses on technological aspects of sourcing, presenting a specific method of chemical analysis and, often, avenues for improving it. The second section focuses on region-specific and methodological sourcing applications. A concluding review by Michael Glascock critiques each of the chapters and presents his views on sourcing raw materials gained over 40 years of experience in the field. Broadly, these contributions demonstrate how a more thorough knowledge of lithic sources, geologic processes, the nature of variation, and regional availability can provide a more thorough understanding of past peoples.
Contents
List of Figures
List of Tables
1. Introduction: Sourcing Archaeological Lithic Assemblages byCharles A. Speer, Ryan M. Parish, and Gustavo Barrientos
Part 1: Variations on a Theme: Sourcing Toolstone through Qualitative and Quantitative Methods
2. The Use of Provenience Data to Formulate or Test Provenance Hypotheses: GIS-Based Models for the Identification of Probable Chert SilÍceo Source Areas in East-Central Argentina by Luciana Catella, Gustavo Barrientos, Norberto Uriz, Gabriela Coelho dos Santos, and Fernando Oliva
3. Nodules in a Haystack: Tracing Lithic Raw Material Sources in the Atacama Desert by CÉsar I. Borie, CÉsar Parcero-OubiÑa, Ryan Parish, Diego R. Salazar, Carola F. Flores, Laura A. OlguÍn, Pedro M. Andrade, and Ximena M. Power
4. Targeting Coastal Plains Chert in the Wacissa Quarry Cluster, Northwest Florida, USA: A Lidar-Based Geomorphic Model for Locating Terrestrial Chert Quarries by Adam M. Burke and Morgan F. Smith
5. Sourcing Stone and Ochre Artifacts: A Review of Why It Matters in Australia (and Beyond) by Kane Ditchfield, Jillian Huntley, Ingrid Ward, John Webb , Trudy Doelman, and Rebekah Kurpiel
6. The Promise and Challenge of Sourcing Chert Artifacts in the North American Great Basin by Khori Newlander
7. Sourcing Chert Mortuary Bifaces as Indicators for Hopewell Community Participation at the Crib Mound Site, Indiana, USA by Ryan M. Parish and Bretton T. Giles
8. Applying ED-XRF, LA-ICP- MS, and PIXE Analyses to Characterize Pyrenean Cherts: Potentials and Limitations by Marta SÁnchez de la Torre, FranÇois-Xavier Le Bourdonnec, StÉphan Dubernet, and Bernard Gratuze
9. A Pilot Study in Nodular Elemental Variation by Charles A. Speer
Part 2: Regional Perspectives and Sourcing under Variable Conditions
10. Raw Material Procurement and Territorial Mobility in the AÏn Beni Mathar-GuefaÏt Region (Eastern Morocco) by MarÍa Soto, M. Gema ChacÓn, Hassan Aouraghe, Juan Ignacio Morales, Hamid Haddoumi, Mohamed Souhir, Alfonso Benito-Calvo, Andoni TarriÑo, Said Bengamra, and Robert Sala-Ramos
11. Black Obsidian from Pampa del Asador (Santa Cruz, Patagonia, Argentina): A Regional Source by Gisela Cassiodoro, Rafael GoÑi, Silvana Espinosa, AgustÍn Agnolin, and Josefina Flores Coni
12. Provenance and Transport of Obsidian in Chubut (Central Patagonia, Argentina):
From the Early Holocene to Historical Contexts by AnalÍa Castro Esnal, Cecilia PÉrez de Micou, and Charles R. Stern
13. Geology and Geochemistry of the Ledge Ridge Chert Source, Western Maine by Adrian L. Burke
14. Sourcing Archaeological Lithic Assemblages: New Perspectives and Integrated Approaches by Michael D. Glascock
References
Index
