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Full Description
The many thousands of human-made and other chemical compounds present in the environment offer a serious challenge to our btosphere. It is appropriate, therefore, that our response to these products of human kno- edge and ingenuity should draw on a body of mtenstve scientific endeavor that is no less impressive. Bioremediation offers the possibility of harnessing the diversity of the biosphere to degrade, remove, alter, or otherwise detoxify these various chemicals. It brings together scientists from a wide variety of disciplines and backgrounds, such as microbiology, molecular biology, a- lytical chemistry, and chemical and environmental engineering, among o- ers. These different fields, each with its own individual approach, have actively contributed to the development of bioremediation research tn recent years. The prmcipal objective of Bioremediation Protocols is to make the fruits of some of this research available in a different format to that of the textbook or journal article. It provides a selection of clearly written laboratory pro- cols presented as stepwise, easy-to-follow mstructions. In common with p- wous volumes in this and the companion Methods in Molecular Biology series, an extensive "Notes" section is provided with each chapter. This contains u- ful mformation (of a type often not normally included m a research paper) supplementmg the protocol. Reviews and case studies are also included to provide a deeper context to the methods chapters.
Contents
Overview.- Uses of Bacteria in Bioremediation.- Granular Sludge Consortia for Bioremediation.- Protocols.- Screening of Bacterial Products for Their Crude Oil Biodegradation Effectiveness.- Measurement of Biosurfactant-Enhanced Solubilization and Biodegradation of Hydrocarbons.- Immobilization of Bacteria in Macro- and Microparticles.- Immobilization and Evaluation of Bacterial Cells in Bioreactors.- Immobilization of Yeast and Algal Cells for Bioremediation of Heavy Metals.- Enumeration of Hydrocarbon-Degrading Bacteria.- Molecular Methods for the Detection of Methanotrophs.- Measurement of Mutagenic Activity in Contaminated Soils.- Conjugation-Mediated Gene Transfer in Bacterial Strains to Be Used for Bioremediation.- Analysis of Pentachlorophenol in Soils for Use in Bioremediation Studies.- Generation of Species Specific DNA Probes for the Lignin Peroxidase Genes of White Rot Fungi.- Biodegradation of Nitroaromatics by Microbes.- The Determination of Trace Elements in Biological and Environmental Samples Using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy.- Quantifying Organic and Inorganic Tin Compounds in Environmental Samples.- Protocol for Determining Bioavailability and Biodegradation Kinetics of Organic Soil Pollutants in Soil Systems to Enhance Bioremediation of Polluted Soil Sites.- Methods for Evaluation of PCB Dechlorination in Sediments.- Case Studies.- Evaluation of PCB Dechlorination in Sediments.- Microbial Degradation of Alkenylbenzenes.- Heavy Metal Bioremediation of Soil.- Application of Bioavailability and Biokinetics Protocol to Phenol and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Contaminants in Soil and Development of Bioavailability and Biokinetic Models for Soil Systems.
