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Full Description
Using as a theme the encounter between protozoan parasites and macrophages, this volume brings together cell biologists, immunologists and protozoologists to review current developments in this broad and dynamic research area. Discussed are ways protozoans establish their intracellular niche, how they activate macrophage effector functions, what these functions are, and means by which several protozoans subvert macrophage activity. What emerges is a picture of the macrophage as a key cell type in the host response to protozoan infection. How these cells respond, and how their responses can be subverted, are likely to be critical determinants in the outcome of protozoan infection.
Millions of lives are lost every year to protozoan infections, most importantly those caused by Plasmodium, but also Trypanosoma and Leishmania spp. Other protozoans, such as Toxoplasma, are so exquisitely adapted to their host that they rarely cause disease, except during host immunodeficiency. We hope that by working towards an understanding of the biology of protozoans in macrophages we will ultimately be capable of treating and preventing disease and mortality caused by this major class of microbial pathogens.
Contents
Introduction: Macrophage Biology, What Is a Macrophage? Macrophage Origin; Activation States of Macrophages; Types of Macrophages; Recognition and Destruction by Macrophages and Subversion by Pathogens 1. Invasion and Intracellular Survival by Toxoplasma 2. Macrophages, Alternative Niches for Intracellular Growth of Trypanosomacnm 3. Macrophage - Leishmania Interactions: Complexities and Uncertainties from the Study o f Leishmaniasis in Viv o 4. Innate Recognition, Cell Signaling and Pro-Inflammatory Response during Infection with Trypanosoma cruzi 5. Modulation of Positive Signaling and Proinflammatory Responses by Hemozoin, a Plasm odium Metabolic Waste 6. Pro-Inflammatory Responses and Cell Signaling during Malaria Infection: The Parasite Glycosylphosphatidylinositol igand7. Pro-Inflammatory Responses in Macrophages during Toxoplasma gondii Infection 8. Down-Modulation of Proinflammatory Signal Transduction in Toxoplasma gondii-Infected Macrophages 9. Avoidance of Innate Immune Mechanisms by the Protozoan Parasite, Leishmaniaspp 10. Survival Strategies of Toxoplasma gondir. Interference with Regulatory and Effector Functions of Macrophages. 11. Targeting SHP-1 to Prevent Macrophage Activation Promotes Leishmania Pathogenesis 12. Negative Signaling and Modulation of Macrophage Function in Trypanosomacruzi Infection 13. Effector Functions of Macrophages in Plasmodium Parasite Infections 14. Innate Control of Toxoplasma gondii through Macrophage-Based Effector Mechanisms 15. Phagocyte Effector Functions against Leishmania Parasites 16. Effector Mechanisms of Macrophages Infected
