Full Description
Bioethics: Legal and Clinical Case Studies is a case-based introduction to ethical issues in health care. Through seventy-eight compelling scenarios, the authors demonstrate the practical importance of ethics, showing how the concerns at issue bear on the lives of patients, health care providers, and others. A range of central topics are covered, including informed consent, medical futility, reproductive ethics, privacy, cultural competence, and clinical trials. Each chapter includes a selection of important legal cases as well as clinical case studies for critical analysis. The case studies are often presented as moral dilemmas, and are conducive to rich discussion. A companion website offers a curated collection of relevant legal precedents as well as additional case studies and other resources.
Contents
Introduction
Chapter 1: Moral Theory in Bioethics
Consequentialism and Deontology
Consequentialism
Kantian Deontology
Rule Theory
Case Study: Dr. Mando
Alternative Approaches
Principlism
Particularism
Virtue Ethics
Feminist Ethics and the Ethics of Care
Casuistry
Conclusion
Exercises
Chapter 2: Informed Consent
IntroductionLegal Cases
I. Canterbury v Spence
II. Jandre v Bullis
III. Gorab v Zook
Case Studies
IV. Emergency Room Deliberation after a Critical Monocycle Accident
V. Protection for a "Decisionally Incapable" Patient
VI. Patient Coerced into additional Physical Therapy
VII. Unwanted Procedure during Surgery
VIII. Elderly Man Denied Informed Consent
IX. HIV Patient: Confidentiality Hampering Informed Consent
Chapter 3: Assessing Capacity
Introduction
Legal Cases
I. Lane v. Candura
II. Morinaga v See Vue
lll. In Re Conservatorship of Pamela J.
Case Studies
IV. Decisional Capacity and Brain Surgery
V. Dementia and Decisional Capacity
VI. Capacity after a Motorcycle Accident
Chapter 4: Informed Refusal of Treatment
Introduction
Legal Cases
I. Cruzan v Director
II. Vacco and Washington
III. Carter v Canada
Case Studies
IV. The Last Day of Her Life
V. Family Conflict: To Treat or Not to Treat?
VII. Family Supports a Child's Rejection of Treatment
VIII. Patient Fails to Show up for Treatment
IX. Assisting Death
X. Terminal Sedation: Is it Death?
Chapter 5: Medical Futility
Introduction
Legal Cases
I. Futile Treatment of a Newborn?
II. Physician's Right to Withhold Treatment
Case Studies
III. Doctor Orders Aggressive Treatment, Nurse Objects
IV. Appropriate CPR?
V. Lake Erie Tragedy
VI. Heart Failure, Excessive Weight, and CPR
VII. Family Fights for Mr. Stoer's Life
Chapter 6: Nursing Ethics
Introduction
Legal Cases
I. Lunsford and Tuma cases
II. Rogers and Mathias cases
III. Monahan and Morvillo cases
IV. Hoffman and Ross cases
Case Studies
V. Does the Nurse Know Better?
VI. Potentially Violent Patient
VII. Traditional Practice and Child Abuse
VIII. Nurse Refuses to Administer Pain Medication
Chapter 7: Privacy and Confidentiality
Introduction
Legal Cases
I. Tarasoff v Regents of the University of California
II. Reisner and Jarmie cases
III. Nasser v Parker
IV. Horne v. Patton
V. Samms v Pelican
Case Studies
VI. Disclosing HIV
VII. Children Having Babies
VIII. Betrayal by a Physician?
IX. Dr. Dorchester's Curiosity
X. Student Kills his Classmate. Is his Psychologist at Fault?
Chapter 8: Cultural Competence
Introduction
Legal Cases
I. Commonwealth v. Schaible
II. Quintero v Encarnacion
III. Quintanilla v Dunkelmen
Case Studies
IV. An Infant in a Persistent Vegetative State
V. Elder Abuse?
VI. An Amish Couple Refuses Treatment for their Infant Daughter
VII. Newly Arrived Immigrant and Adherence to Treatment
VIII. Three Wives
Chapter 9: Human Reproduction
Introduction
Legal Cases
I. Roe and Casey
II. Becker v. Chessin
III. K.M. v E.G
IV. Szafranski v Dunston
Case Studies
I. Sterilization of a Developmentally Delayed Child
II. Doubts about Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis
III. Human Cloning
IV. Abortion Advice
Chapter 10: Clinical Trials
Introduction
Legal Cases
I. Suthers, et al v Amgen, Inc.
II. Cacchillo v Insmed, Inc
Case Studies
I. Mr. Rosewald's Decision
II. An Incidental Finding from a Brain Scan
III. Was it Morally Appropriate to Stop Cancer Trial?
IV. Dr. Rife's Conflict of Interest
Chapter 11: Transplantation Ethics
Introduction
Legal Cases
I. McFall v Shrimp
II. Strunk and Pescinski
III. Hart v Brown
Case Studies
I. Drug Dealer Wants a New Heart
II. Transplantation and Blood Products
III. Coerced Donation
Appendix: Basic Law
The American Legal System
Statutory Law
Executive Orders and Agencies
Constitutional Law
Criminal and Civil Law
Lawsuits
Exercises
