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Full Description
For nearly two decades, the area surrounding the French port of Calais has been a temporary staging post for thousands of migrants and refugees hoping to cross the Channel to Britain. It achieved global attention when, at the height of the migrant crisis in 2015, all those living there were transferred to a single camp that became known as 'the Jungle'. Until its dismantling in October 2016, this precarious site, intended to make its inhabitants as invisible as possible, was instead the focal point of international concern about the plight of migrants and refugees.
This new book is the first full account of life inside the Jungle and its relation to the global migration crisis. Anthropologist Michel Agier and his colleagues use the particular circumstances of the Jungle, localized in space and time, to analyse broader changes under way in our societies, both locally and globally. They examine the architecture of the camp, reconstruct how everyday life and routine operated and analyse the mixed reactions to the Jungle, from hostile government policies to movements of solidarity.
This comprehensive account of the life and death of Europe's most infamous camp for migrants and refugees demonstrates that, far from being an isolated case, the Jungle of Calais brings into sharp relief the issues that confront us all today, in a world where the large-scale movement of people has become, and is likely to remain, a central feature of social and political life.
Contents
List of illustrations
Introduction: For a better understanding
A longer history of the Jungle
Europe and the migration question
Calais as metonym for European crisisÉ and solidarity
Chapter 1. Movement To and Fro: The Calais Region from 1986 to 2016
1986 - 1997: the indifference of the French authorities
1997 - 999: a growing attention
1999-2000: the Sangatte moment
2002: British control at the port of Calais
The long years of eviction
2009 - 'the closing of the Calais jungle' : a new media sequence
The network of voluntary organizations
A brief ray of light
The rise of the far right
September 2014 onward: concentrate, disperse, control
Chapter 2. From Sangatte to Calais: inhabiting the 'Jungles'
Sangatte, 1999-2002
March 2015: Jungles, camps, squats
April 2015 to October 2016: The Jungle or 'The Art of Building Towns'
Chapter 3. A Sociology of the Jungle: Everyday Life in a Precarious Space
Society under precarious conditions
Settling in the shantytown
Economic and social life
Making a community
Chapter 4. A Jungle of Solidarities
Calais as a cosmopolitan crossroads of solidarities
The situation in other encampments
Mobilization networks: from local to national
Chapter 5. Destruction, Dispersal, Returns
'The biggest shantytown in Europe'
The sheltering operation as spectacle
Dispersal
After the demolition: returns and rejections
Conclusion: The Calais Event
The camp as hypertrophy of the border
Cosmopolitics of the Jungle
Postscript: How this Book was Written
The Authors
Notes
Index
