Full Description
Argumentation: The Art of Civil Advocacy teaches students the principles of argumentation as a practical way to engage in interpersonal and public deliberation. Authors Larry Underberg and Heather Norton offer a unique approach for creating civil discourse by encouraging students to consider how they argue with others to enhance or diminish opportunities for future dialogue. A variety of everyday examples are provided in the text to demonstrate how well-reasoned argumentation can strengthen communities and create productive citizenship. Students gain a better understanding for the situations, environments, and relationships that form the context for an advocate, and how those factors can influence discourse.
Contents
LIST OF TABLES
PREFACE
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
SECTION I: THE NATURE AND CONTEXT OF ARGUMENT
CHAPTER 1 The Process of Argument
ARGUING IS PART OF OUR NATURE
WHAT IS ARGUMENT?
WHY SHOULD WE ARGUE?
ARGUING PRODUCTIVELY
WHEN NOT TO ARGUE
CONCLUSION
QUESTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION
KEY TERMS
CHAPTER 2 Credibility: The Foundation of Responsible Advocacy
TYPES OF CREDIBILITY
FACTORS AFFECTING AN ADVOCATE'S CREDIBILITY
THE ADVOCATE/LISTENER RELATIONSHIP
CONCLUSION
QUESTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION
KEY TERMS
CHAPTER 3 External Factors Influencing Argument
THE AUDIENCE
FIELD AND OCCASION
THE LARGER CONVERSATION
CONCLUSION
QUESTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION
KEY TERMS
CHAPTER 4 Audience-Based Argument
INTERACTING WITH FAMILIAR AUDIENCES
UNDERSTANDING UNFAMILIAR AUDIENCES
LIMITS OF DEMOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS
CONCLUSION
QUESTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION
KEY TERMS
SECTION II: IDENTIFYING AND MAKING QUALITY ARGUMENTS
CHAPTER 5 Discovering Arguments: Narrative Approaches
ARGUMENTS AS NARRATIVE
NARRATIVE ELEMENTS
EVALUATING NARRATIVES
CONCLUSION
QUESTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION
KEY TERMS
CHAPTER 6 Discovering Arguments: Stock Issue Approaches
QUESTIONS OF FACT
QUESTIONS OF VALUE
QUESTIONS OF POLICY
CONCLUSION
QUESTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION
KEY TERMS
CHAPTER 7 Supporting Arguments
WHEN DO I NEED TO USE OUTSIDE SUPPORT?
WHY DO I NEED TO USE OUTSIDE SUPPORT?
GENERAL EVALUATION OF OUTSIDE SUPPORT
CONCLUSION
QUESTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION
KEY TERMS
CHAPTER 8 Types and Tests of Evidence
EXAMPLES
STATISTICS
TESTIMONY
CONCLUSION
QUESTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION
KEY TERMS
SECTION III: EFFECTIVELY PRESENTING ARGUMENTS
CHAPTER 9 Language and Style in Argument
THE VARIETY OF PERSONAL STYLES
STYLE SHOULD REFLECT A CONSTRUCTIVE VIEW OF ARGUMENT
STYLE AND CREDIBILITY
LANGUAGE AS A COMPONENT OF STYLE
CONCLUSION
QUESTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION
KEY TERMS
CHAPTER 10 Responding to Arguments
LISTENING EFFECTIVELY
LISTENING FOR RELATIONSHIP AND CONTENT
PREPARING TO RESPOND
MAKING A RESPONSE
CONCLUSION
QUESTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION
KEY TERMS
ADDITIONAL RESOURCES
APPENDIX A: THE TOULMIN MODEL
APPENDIX B: LOGICAL FALLACIES
GLOSSARY
NOTES
INDEX
ABOUT THE AUTHORS
