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Full Description
Introduction to Fluid Mechanics, Fifth Edition uses equations to model phenomena that we see and interact with every day. Placing emphasis on solved practical problems, this book introduces circumstances that are likely to occur in practice-reflecting real-life situations that involve fluids in motion. It examines the equations of motion for turbulent flow, the flow of a nonviscous or inviscid fluid, and laminar and turbulent boundary-layer flows. The new edition contains new sections on experimental methods in fluids, presents new and revised examples and chapter problems, and includes problems utilizing computer software and spreadsheets in each chapter.The book begins with the fundamentals, addressing fluid statics and describing the forces present in fluids at rest. It examines the forces that are exerted on a body moving through a fluid, describes the effects that cause lift and drag forces to be exerted on immersed bodies, and examines the variables that are used to mathematically model open-channel flow. It discusses the behavior of fluids while they are flowing, covers the basic concepts of compressible flow (flowing gases), and explains the application of the basic concepts of incompressible flow in conduits. This book presents the control volume concept; the continuity, momentum, energy, and Bernoulli equations; and the Rayleigh, Buckingham pi, and inspection methods. It also provides friction factor equations for the Moody diagram, and includes correlations for coiled and internally finned tubes.In addition, the author:Concludes each chapter with a problems sectionGroups the end-of-chapter problems together by topicArranges problems so that the easier ones are presented firstIntroduction to Fluid Mechanics, Fifth Edition offers a basic analysis of fluid mechanics designed for a first course in fluids. This latest edition adds coverage of experimental methods in fluid mechanics, and contains new and updated examples that can aid in understanding and applying the equations of fluid mechanics to common, everyday problems.
Contents
Fundamental ConceptsDimensions and UnitsDefinition of a FluidProperties of FluidsLiquids and GasesContinuumProblemsFluid StaticsPressure and Pressure MeasurementHydrostatic Forces on Submerged Plane SurfacesHydrostatic Forces on Submerged Curved SurfacesEquilibrium of Accelerating FluidsForces on Submerged BodiesStability of Submerged and Floating BodiesSummaryInternet ResourcesProblemsBasic Equations of Fluid MechanicsKinematics of FlowControl Volume ApproachContinuity EquationMomentum EquationEnergy EquationBernoulli EquationSummaryInternet ResourcesProblemsDimensional Analysis and Dynamic SimilitudeDimensional Homogeneity and AnalysisDimensionless RatiosDimensional Analysis by InspectionSimilitudeSummaryInternet ResourcesProblemsFlow in Closed ConduitsLaminar and Turbulent FlowsEffect of ViscosityPipe Dimensions and SpecificationsEquation of MotionFriction Factor and Pipe RoughnessSimple Piping SystemsMinor LossesPipes in ParallelPumps and Piping SystemsSummaryInternet ResourcesProblemsFlow over Immersed BodiesFlow Past a Flat PlateFlow Past Various Two-Dimensional BodiesFlow Past Various Three-Dimensional BodiesApplications to Ground VehiclesLift on AirfoilsSummaryInternet ResourcesProblemsFlow in Open ChannelsTypes of Open-Channel FlowsOpen-Channel Geometry FactorsEnergy Considerations in Open-Channel FlowsCritical Flow CalculationsEquations for Uniform Open-Channel FlowsHydraulically Optimum Cross SectionNonuniform Open-Channel FlowSummaryInternet ResourcesProblemsCompressible FlowSonic Velocity and Mach NumberStagnation Properties and Isentropic FlowFlow through a Channel of Varying AreaNormal Shock WavesCompressible Flow with FrictionCompressible Flow with Heat TransferSummaryInternet ResourcesProblemsTurbomachineryEquations of TurbomachineryAxial-Flow TurbinesAxial-Flow Compressors, Pumps, and FansRadial-Flow TurbinesRadial-Flow Compressors and PumpsPower-Absorbing versus Power-Producing MachinesDimensional Analysis of TurbomachineryPerformance Characteristics of Centrifugal PumpsPerformance Characteristics of Hydraulic TurbinesImpulse Turbine (Pelton Turbine)SummaryProblemsMeasurements in Fluid MechanicsMeasurement of ViscosityMeasurement of Static and Stagnation PressuresMeasurement of VelocityMeasurement of Flow Rates in Closed ConduitsMeasurements in Open-Channel FlowsSummaryProblemsThe Navier-Stokes EquationsEquations of MotionApplications to Laminar FlowGraphical Solution Methods for Unsteady Laminar Flow ProblemsIntroduction to Turbulent FlowSummaryProblemsInviscid FlowEquations of Two-Dimensional Inviscid FlowsStream Function and Velocity PotentialIrrotational FlowLaplace's Equation and Various Flow FieldsCombined Flows and SuperpositionsInviscid Flow Past an AirfoilSummaryProblemsBoundary-Layer FlowLaminar and Turbulent Boundary-Layer FlowEquations of Motion for the Boundary LayerLaminar Boundary-Layer Flow over a Flat PlateMomentum Integral EquationMomentum Integral Method for Laminar Flow over a Flat PlateMomentum Integral Method for Turbulent Flow over a Flat PlateLaminar and Turbulent Boundary-Layer Flow over a Flat PlateSummaryProblemsConversion Factors and Properties of SubstancesGeometric Elements of Plane AreasPipe and Tube SpecificationsCompressible Flow TablesMiscellaneousBibliography
