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Modern Peru: A New History offers a sweeping account of Peru's history from the wars of independence to the present day. Delving into a history characterized by instability and a series of interrupted national projects, the contributors examine the legacies of Tupac Amaru's 1780s rebellion and the intense ideological debates between conservatives and liberals about the newly independent nation. They analyze the mid-nineteenth-century guano state, the catastrophic defeat in the War of the Pacific, and the establishment of an exclusionary oligarchic state - the 'Aristocratic Republic' - based on a diverse export economy. Outlining Peru's twentieth-century transition from a rural, agrarian society to a primarily urban one, the contributors explore the 1968 coup and its unfulfilled promise of top-down social transformation, which was followed by years of democratic rule marked by internal armed conflict and economic mismanagement. This period culminated in the authoritarian neoliberal revolution of Alberto Fujimori, whose economic and political legacies have, in the new century, resulted in a booming economy, now in abeyance, and a deeply dysfunctional democracy. Accessible and wide-ranging, Modern Peru provides a singularly panoramic perspective on Peru's history.
Contributors. Eduardo Dargent, Paulo Drinot, Cynthia McClintock, JosÉ Luis RÉnique, Natalia Sobrevilla Perea, Alberto Vergara, Charles Walker
Contents
Introduction. The Curse of Freedom? / Paulo Drinot and Alberto Vergara 1
1. A Complex Destiny: Peru and the Difficult Transition from Colony to Republic (1780-1880) / Charles Walker 9
2. How Illusory Was Prosperity? The Rise and Fall of the Guano State in Peru (1840-1880) / Natalia Sobrevilla Perea 52
3. "We Want a Homeland!" The Struggle for a Technical State (1879-1919) / José Luis Rénique (Translated by Inés Rénique) 88
4. Fictitious Progress? Mass Politics and "Integration" in Peru (1919-1968) / Paulo Drinot 138
5. From the Baseless Triangle to the Realm of Anti-Politics: Political Inclusion, "Articulation," and Mobilization in Peru (1968-1994) / Eduardo Dargent Bocanegra 205
6. Shut Up and Shop! Representation and Governance in Contemporary Peru / Alberto Vergara 253
7. Peru, the First Two Centuries: Challenges, Failures, and Achievements in Comparative Perspective / Cynthia McClintock 311
Contributors 329
Index
