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Full Description
2022 Best Book Award, Oral History Association
Hundreds of stories of activists at the front lines of the intersecting African American and Mexican American liberation struggle
Not one but two civil rights movements flourished in mid-twentieth-century Texas, and they did so in intimate conversation with one another. Far from the gaze of the national media, African American and Mexican American activists combated the twin caste systems of Jim Crow and Juan Crow. These insurgents worked chiefly within their own racial groups, yet they also looked to each other for guidance and, at times, came together in solidarity. The movements sought more than integration and access: they demanded power and justice.
Civil Rights in Black and Brown draws on more than 500 oral history interviews newly collected across Texas, from the Panhandle to the Piney Woods and everywhere in between. The testimonies speak in detail to the structure of racism in small towns and huge metropolises—both the everyday grind of segregation and the haunting acts of racial violence that upheld Texas's state-sanctioned systems of white supremacy. Through their memories of resistance and revolution, the activists reveal previously undocumented struggles for equity, as well as the links Black and Chicanx organizers forged in their efforts to achieve self-determination.
Contents
List of Illustrations
Foreword (W. Marvin Dulaney)
Introduction. Lone Star Civil Rights: Histories, Memories, and Legacies (Max Krochmal)
Part I. Violence and Resistance: African Americans in East Texas
1. Ignored News and Forgotten History: The 1963 Prairie View Student Movement (Moisés Acuña Gurrola)
2. "Plumb Chaos": Segregation and Integration in Deep East Texas (Meredith May)
3. "Something Was Lost": Segregation, Integration, and Black Memory in the Golden Triangle (Eladio Bobadilla)
4. Texas Time: Racial Violence, Place Making, and Remembering as Resistance in Montgomery County (Jasmin C. Howard)
Part II. Survival and Self-Determination: Chicano/a Struggles in South and West Texas
5. The South-by-Southwest Borderlands' Chicana/o Uprising: The Brown Berets, Black and Brown Alliances, and the Fight against Police Brutality in West Texas (Joel Zapata)
6. The Long Shadow of Héctor P. García in Corpus Christi (James B. Wall)
7. "It Was Us against Us": The Pharr Police Riot of 1971 and the People's Uprising against El Jefe Político (David Robles)
8. The 1970 Uvalde School Walkout (Vinicio Sinta and Maggie Rivas-Rodriguez)
9. "A Totality of Our Well-Being": The Creation and Evolution of the Centro de Salud Familiar La Fe in South El Paso (Sandra I. Enríquez)
Part III. Coalitions and Control: Black and Brown Liberation Struggles in Metropolitan Texas
10. Contesting White Supremacy in Tarrant County (J. Todd Moye)
11. Civil Rights in the "City of Hate": Black and Brown Organizing against Police Brutality in Dallas (Katherine Bynum)
12. Self-Determined Educational Spaces: Forging Race and Gender Power in Houston (Samantha M. Rodriguez)
13. From Police Brutality to the "United Peoples Party": San Antonio's Hybrid SNCC Chapter, the Chicano Movement, and Political Change (Max Krochmal)
14. "You Either Support Democracy or You Don't": Structural Racism, Segregation, and the Struggle to Bring Single-Member Districts to Austin (J. Todd Moye)
Part IV. Inside the Civil Rights in Black and Brown Oral History Project
15. Recovering, Interpreting, and Disseminating the Hidden Histories of Civil Rights in Texas (Max Krochmal)
Appendix: Selected Interview Transcripts
Living with and Challenging Jim Crow
Living with and Challenging Juan Crow
Ordinary Women, Extraordinary Activism
The Fight for Educational Equity
Political Self-Determination
Rainbow Coalitions
Acknowledgments
Notes
Contributors
Index
