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Full Description
As society has become increasingly aware of the potential threats to human health due to exposures to toxic chemicals in the environment and the workplace and in consumer products, it has placed increased demands upon the still-fledgling science of toxicology. As is often the case when science is called upon to supply firm answers when pertinent information and fundamental knowledge are lack ing, both the scientific and the social issues become confused and new tensions develop. One of the major purposes of this book is to focus on those aspects of the science of toxicology that pertain most to social issues-namely, analysis of risk for purposes of human health protection. Although it is apparent that the discipline of toxicology is not yet prepared to provide firm answers to many questions concerning human risk, it is important that the rigorously derived information be used in the most objective and logical way to yield the closest approximation to the truth. This book is designed to sup ply as much guidance for such tasks as is permitted by the current state of our knowledge. Its emphasis is thus placed on interpretation of toxicity data (broadly defined) for assessing risks to human health. In this way, it differs from other basic toxicology texts, most of which emphasize methods for performing studies or describe various toxicological endpoints and classes of toxic agents.
Contents
I • Historical Perspectives And General Concepts.- 1 • Introduction.- 2 • Toxicologic Units.- 3 • Dose-Response Relationships.- 4 • Factors Modifying Toxicity.- 5 • Statistical Interpretation of Toxicity Data.- II • Interpretation Of Information From Human Studies.- 6 • Clinical and Epidemiological Studies.- 7 • Comprehensive Evaluation of Human Data.- III • Interpretation Of in Vivo Experimental Data For Evaluation Of Hazards To Humans.- 8 • Selection of Animal Models for DataInterpretation.- 9 • Toxicokinetics.- 10 • Approaches to Intraspecies DoseExtrapolation.- 11 • Extrapolation from Animal Data.- 12 • Approaches to Route Extrapolation.- 13 • Application of in Vivo Data onChemical-Biological Interactions.- 14 • Computer-Assisted Prediction of Toxicity.- IV • Interpretation Of In Vitro Experimental Data For Evaluation Of Hazards To Humans.- 15 • Assessment of the Hazard of Genetic Toxicity.- 16 • Evaluation of Xenobiotic Metabolism.- V • Risk Analysis.- 17 • Exposure Assessment.- 18 • Comprehensive Risk Assessment.
