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Full Description
This monumental tome by Prof. Atta-ur-Rahman and Dr. Zahir Shah pres- ents a broad overall perspective of stereo selectivity in the synthesis of or- ganic molecules. Thus it treats a problem that is of fundamental importance and will be even more important in the future as the drug industry is required to supply 1000/0 optically pure compounds. After an exposition of general principles, the following subjects are treated: Catalytic Reductions, Heterogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenations, Stereoselective Non-Catalytic Reductions, Stereos elective Carbon-Carbon Bond Forming Reactions, Asymmetric Oxidations, Asymmetric Carbon- Heteroatom Bond Formations, Enzyme Catalyzed Reactions, Stereo- selective Free Radical Reactions, and finally Miscellaneous Stereoselective Reactions. For each subject, a wealth of examples are given. The highly selective reactions are mentioned along with reactions that are not. This is helpful as it will teach the practical chemist what to avoid. Much progress has been made in the last two decades in the design of new, very stereoselective reactions which can be applied in industry. For example, and in alphabetical order, we can mention (among other peers): H.C.
Brown (hydroboration), D.C. Evans (carbon-carbon bond forma- tion), R. Noyori (BINAP reagents for hydrogenation), and K.B. Sharpless (epoxidation and dihydroxylation of double bonds). Thus the field has completely changed since the 1950s, when optically pure compounds were always obtained by difficult resolutions of racemates and not by stereoselec- tive reactions.
Contents
1 Stereochemical Principles.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 Chirality.- 1.3 Diastereotopic Groups and Faces.- 1.4 Enantiotopic Groups and Faces.- 1.5 Homotopic Groups and Faces.- 1.6 Homochiral Relationships.- 1.7 Selectivity in Organic Synthesis.- 1.8 References.- 2 Stereoselective Catalytic Reductions.- 2.1 Homogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenations.- 2.2 Heterogeneous Catalytic Hydrogenations.- 2.3 References.- 3 Stereoselective Non-Catalytic Reductions.- 3.1 Enantioselective Non-Catalytic Reductions.- 3.2 Diastereoselective Non-Catalytic Reductions.- 3.3 References.- 4 Stereoselective Carbon-Carbon Bond Forming Reactions.- 4.1 Nucleophilic Additions to Aldehydes and Ketones.- 4.2 Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrocarbonylations.- 4.3 Asymmetric Aldol Reactions.- 4.4 Allylmetal and Allylboron Additions.- 4.5 Asymmetric Alkylation Reactions.- 4.6 Pericyclic Reactions.- 4.7 References.- 5 Asymmetric Oxidations.- 5.1 Asymmetric Epoxidation.- 5.2 Asymmetric Oxidation of Sulfides.- 5.3 Asymmetric Oxidation of Selenides.- 5.4 Asymmetric Hydroxylations.- 5.5 Asymmetric Oxidation of Aromatic Substrates via Donor-Acceptor Interaction.- 5.6 References.- 6 Asymmetric Carbon-Heteroatom Bond Formations.- 6.1 Carbon-Oxygen Bond Formation.- 6.2 Carbon-Nitrogen Bond Formation.- 6.3 Carbon-Sulfur Bond Formation.- 6.4 Carbon-Phosphorus Bond Formation.- 6.5 Stereoselective C-H Bond Formation and Proton Migration.- 6.6 References.- 7 Enzyme-Catalyzed Reactions.- 7.1 Enzyme Specificity.- 7.2 Meso Compound Transformations.- 7.3 Multienzyme Systems.- 7.4 References.- 8 Stereoselective Free Radical Reactions.- 8.1 Free Radical Chain Reactions.- 8.2 Non-Chain Radical Reactions.- 8.3 References.- 9 Miscellaneous Stereoselective Reactions.- 9.1 Asymmetric Cyclopropanations.- 9.2 References.
