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Public Technology Procurement and Innovation studies public technology procurement as an instrument of innovation policy. In the past few years, public technology procurement has been a relatively neglected topic in the theoretical and research literature on the economics of innovation. Similarly, preoccupation with `supply-side' measures has led policy-makers to avoid making very extensive use of this important `demand-side' instrument. These trends have been especially pronounced in the European Union. There, as this book will argue, existing legislation governing public procurement presents obstacles to the use of public technology procurement as a means of stimulating and supporting technological innovation. Recently, however, there has been a gradual re-awakening of practical interest in such measures among policy-makers in the EU and elsewhere. For these and other related measures, this volume aims to contribute to a serious reconsideration of public technology procurement from the complementary standpoints of innovation theory and innovation policy.
Contents
1. Systems of Innovation: A Demand-Side Approach.- 2. Theoretical, Conceptual, and Policy Issues.- References.- 1. Public Technology Procurement and Innovation Theory.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Different Kinds of Public Technology Procurement.- 3. Technology Procurement in Context: Aspects of the 'Demand Side'.- 4. Public Technology Procurement Revisited.- 5. Summary.- References.- Overview of Case Studies.- 1. Selection of Cases.- 2. Generalisation from Case Studies.- 3. Synopsis of the Cases.- References.- 2. Public Technology Procurement in Sweden: The X2000 High Speed Train.- 1. Industrial Policy.- 2. Innovation Policy.- 3. Costs, Benefits & Profits.- 4. Main Conclusions.- 5. Policy Implications.- Interviews.- References.- 3. Procuring Products and Power: Developing International Competitiveness in Swedish Electrotechnology and Electric Power.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Proto-Procurement: In Search of Power and Products.- 3. Procurement: HVDC in the Making.- 4. Post-Procurement: Re-Making Products and Power.- 5. Conclusions: Private and Public Competitiveness.- References.- 4. A Case Study of the Swedish Public Technology Procurement Project "The Computer in the School" (COMPIS), 1981-1988.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Interaction Environment.- 3. Competence and User-Producer Interaction.- 4. Political Influence and Levels of Intervention.- 5. The Dimension of Time.- 6. Conclusions.- References.- 5. Switching Relations and Trajectories: The Development Procurement of the AXE Swedish Switching Technology.- 1. Introduction.- 2. An Outline of the Swedish Telephone System, 1920-1980.- 3. Proto-Procurement: Learning Switching Trajectories, 1952-69.- 4. Procurement: Developing Trajectories, 1970-77.- 5. Post-Procurement: Adapting Trajectories, 1973-81.- 6. Results: SwitchingAdvantages.- References.- 6. Industrial Transformation through Public Technology Procurement? The Case of Nokia and the Finnish Telecommunications Industry.- 1. Technology Policy and Procurement in Finland.- 2. The Finnish Telecommunications Sector.- 3. The DX 200 Switching System— Nokia's Platform Technology.- 4. Standardisation and Procurement — Developing network equipment for the NMT.- 5. Structural Tensions in the Finnish Telecommunications Sector — The History Revisited.- 6. Conclusions.- References.- 7. Public Technology Procurement: The Case of Digital Switching Systems in France.- 1. The French Telecommunication Sector.- 2. The NSI and the Telecommunication Policy.- 3. The Role of Public Procurement and the Digital Switching System.- 4. Appraisal of Societal and Industrial Results and Conclusion.- References.- 8. Public Technology Procurement: The Case of Digital Switching Systems in Italy.- 1. The Italian Telecommunication Sector.- 2. The NSI and the Telecommunication Policy.- 3. The Role of Public Procurement and the Digital Switching System.- 4. Appraisal of Societal and Industrial Results and Conclusion.- References.- 9. Public Technology Procurement: The Case of Digital Switching Systems in Greece.- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Institutional Framework.- 3. The Key Organisations Involved.- 4. Organisation and Management of the Procurement Process.- 5. Appraisal Of Societal and Industrial Results and Policy Aspects.- 6. Summary And Conclusions.- References.- 10. On Implementing the Austrian Computerised Digital Switching System (OES).- 1. Introduction.- 2. The Austrian Telecom Sector.- 3. The Decision Process.- 4. The Implementation Process.- 5. Appraisal of Societal and Industrial Results.- 6. Conclusions.- Appendix: List of Abbreviations.-References.- 11. Analysis, Findings and Conclusions.- 1. Analytic Framework.- 2. Analytic Strategy.- 3. Summary of Findings.- 4. Conclusions.- References.- 12. Policy Implications.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Alternative Approaches to Public Technology Procurement Policies.- 3. A Framework For Policy Orientation.- 4. Competition Rules, Legal Issues and the EU Framework.- 5. Concluding Remarks: Towards New Legislation or New Informal Rules?.- References.
