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Recently revised to include the latest current events, this classic reference presents the historical, social, political, and cultural aspects of Puerto Rico.
Puerto Rico, an island rich with culture and national pride, continues to inspire debate over its designation as a commonwealth of the United States. This updated edition of a popular encyclopedia captures important historical, social, political, and cultural developments of the oldest colony in the world, up to and including the region's current status in relation to the United States.
The fascinating work is full of facts, figures, and narratives of the struggles, achievements, and creations of the Puerto Rican people. Essays highlight the area's economy, geography, religion, education, language, radio, television, social media, and films. A focus on the contributions of key historical figures showcase the stories of Ramon Power y Giralt, the first envoy to the Spanish Courts; and Juan Mari Brás, founder of the Puerto Rican Socialist Party, among others. The second edition features recent developments in the commonwealth, including the election of its first female governor, the introduction of the first sales tax, and the financial crisis that shut down schools.
Contents
Acknowledgments
Introduction
Chronology of Important Events
Abortion
Acevedo Vilá, Anibal
Advertising
African Roots
Agrelot Vilá, Jose Miguel
Agriculture
Albizu Campos, Pedro
Americanization, Acculturation, and Nuyoricans
Anthony, Marc
Arana, Alfonso
Arecibo Radio Observatory
Arrieta, Raymond
Ateneo de Puerto Rico
Autonomic Charter
Báez, Myrna
Baldorioty de Castro, Román
Banco Popular and the Carrión Family
Barbosa Family
Barceló, Antonio R.
Baseball
Basketball
Benítez, Luz Esther "Lucecita"
Berriós Martínez, Rubén
Betances, Ramón Emeterio
Boxing
British and Dutch Attacks
Budet, Osvaldo
Burgos, Julía De
Cájiga, Luis Germán
Calderón Serra, Sila María
Calle 13
Campos Parsi, Hector
Canales, Blanca Doña
Candal, Norma
Carbia, Awilda
Carpetas, Las
Carrero, Jaime
Casellas Case
Centrales (Sugar Processing Mills)
Cerezo González, Benny Frankie
Cerro Maravilla
Chacón, Iris
Christmas in Puerto Rico
Coastwise Shipping Laws
Cock Fighting
Cofresí, Roberto
Cointelpro
Colegio de Abogados
Colón, Miriam
Comay, La
Commonwealth
Community Education Division
Concepción de Gracia, Gilberto
Congregación Mita (Mita Church)
Conservatorio de Música de Puerto Rico (Conservatory of Puerto Rican Music)
Corretjer, Juan Antonio
Cortijo, Rafael
Crime
Cuban Immigration
Culebra
Cultural Mores
de Hostos, Eugenio María
de las Casas, Fray Bartolomé
Del Toro, Benicio
Delano, Jack
Díaz, Justino
Díaz Alfaro, Abelardo
Dominicans (Los Dominicanos
Don Q
Economy
Edict against the African Race (Bando contra la Raza Africana)
EDP University of Puerto Rico
Education
Environment
Executive Council
Family
Feminism and Women's Rights
Fernández, Beatriz "Gigi"
Fernández, Ruth
Fernández Juncos, Manuel
Fernós Isern, Antonio
Ferré Family
Film
Flag of Puerto Rico (La Bandera de Puerto Rico)
Folk Characters: Juan Bobo and Pepito
Food Stamps (Los Cupones)
Foraker Act
Fortuño Burset, Luis Guillermo
FUPI (Federación de Estudiantes pro Independencia / Student Federation pro-Independence)
García López, Antonio
García Méndez, Miguel Angel
García Padilla, Alejandro Javier
García Ramis, Magalí
Geography and Biodiversity
González, José Luis
González, Velda
Goya
Gran Combo de Puerto Rico
Grito de Lares
Health
Health Practitioners, Midwives, and Pharmacy Technicians ("El Practicante," "La Comadrona," y "El Boticario")
Hernández Colón, Rafael
Homar, Lorenzo
Huracán (Hurricane)
Iglesias Pantín, Santiago
Industrialization
Institute of Puerto Rican Culture
Insular Cases
Inter-American University
Internet and Social Media
IVU (Impuesto de Ventas y Uso [Sales and Use Tax])/IVA (Impuesto de Valor Agregado [Aggregated Value Tax])
Jíbaro
Jones Act
Journalism and Printed Press in Puerto Rico
Laguerre, Enrique
Lallande, Ann
Language
Lashings, The (Los Compontes)
Law and Politics
Lebrón, Lolita
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgendered, and Transsexual (LGBTT) Movement
Literature
Lloréns Torres, Luis
López Rivera, Oscar
Macheteros, Los
Mari Brás, Juan
Martin, Ricky
Martorell, Antonio
Migration
Mordaza, La
Moreno, Rita
Municipios
Muñoz Family
Museums
Music
National Landmarks: El Morro and La Fortaleza
Nationalist Party and Nationalist Activism
Negrón Muñoz, Mercedes "Clara Lair"
—eta, Los
New Progressive Party
Oller, Francisco
Palés Matos, Luis
Partido Acción Cristiana
Pasarell, Charles M.
Pedreira, Antonio
Piñero, Jesús T.
Plebiscite
Popular Democratic Party
Porta Coeli
Power y Giralt, Ramón
Puerto Rican Independence Party
Puntos de Drogas
Radio
Ramos Antonini, Ernesto
Reggaeton
Religion
Resident Commissioner and Political Representation
Rexach, Sylvia
Rincón de Gautier, Felisa
Rivera, Danny
Rivera, Dhara
Rivera, Graciela
Rivera, Ismael
Rodón, Francisco
Rodríguez de Tió, Lola
Romero Barceló, Carlos
Rosselló González, Pedro
Sánchez, Luis Rafael
Sánchez Vilella, Roberto
Seditious Conspiracy
Silva, Myrta
Slavery
Soto, Pedro Juan
Sotomayor, Sonia
Taínos, Los
Tapia y Rivera, Alejandro
Television
Theater
Tourism
Transportation: Públicos (Carros)
Treaty of Paris
Tufiño, Rafael
Tugwell, Rexford G.
Union Party (El Partido Unión de Puerto Rico)
United Nations
United States Citizenship
University of Puerto Rico
Vega, Ana Lydia
Vieques
Appendix 1: Representative Leaders of the First Stage of the Feminist Movement in Puerto Rico
Appendix 2: Representative Writers by Generation
Selected Bibliography
Index
