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Full Description
Quantifying the environmental impact of chemical technologies and products, and comparing alternative products and technologies in terms of their "greenness" is a challenging task. In order to characterise various aspects of a complex phenomenon, a number of different indicators are selected into a metric. This book outlines fundamental developments in chemistry and chemical technology that have led to the development of green chemistry, green chemical technology, and sustainable chemical technology concepts, and provide a foundation for the development of the corresponding metrics. It includes different approaches to metrics, and case study examples of their applications, and problems in practice.
Green Chemistry Metrics is aimed at graduate students and researchers, practitioners and environmental managers in industry, metrics developers, and governmental agencies and NGOs in the area of environmental protection and sustainability. The main focus will be on chemical processes, however the book will be relevant to other industry sectors such as energy, electronics, healthcare, food and consumer products.
Contents
Preface vii
List of Contributors ix
1 Introduction 1
Martin A. Abraham, James Clark and Neil Winterton
2 Incentives for Using Green Chemistry and the Presentation of an Approach for Green Chemical Design 27
Nicholas D. Anastas
3 Green Product Design 41
Richard Miller
4 Application of Green Metrics Analysis to Chemical Reactions and Synthesis Plans 69
John Andraos
5 Mass Balances and Life Cycle Assessment 200
Marco Eissen, Georg Geisler, Bruno Bühler, Christian Fischer, Konrad Hungerbühler, Andreas Schmid and Erick M. Carreira
6 Process Metrics 228
David J.C. Constable, Conchita Jimenez-Gonzalez and Alexei Lapkin
7 Application of LCA in Process Development 248
Dana Kralisch
8 Tools and Strategies for Greening Chemical Inventories in Small Businesses 272
Lauren Heine and Teresa McGrath
Index 321
