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基本説明
Emphasizes the application of plant anatomy and its relevance to modern botanical research. Includes a CD Rom of high quality photographs and scanning electron microscope images giving students access to the microscopic detail of plant structures essential to gaining a real understancding of the subject.
Full Description
This indispensable textbook provides a comprehensive overview of all aspects of plant anatomy and emphasizes the application of plant anatomy and its relevance to modern botanical research. The companion website, 'The Virtual Plant', offers a collection of high quality photographs and scanning electron microscope images giving students access to the microscopic detail of plant structures essential to gaining a real understanding of the subject. Exercises for the laboratory are also included, making this work an indispensable resource for lectures and laboratory classes.
Plant Anatomy is an essential reference for undergraduates taking courses in plant anatomy, applied plant anatomy and plant biology courses; and for researchers and postgraduates in plant sciences.
Contents
Preface ix
Acknowledgements x
Introduction 1
1 Morphology and tissue systems: the integrated plant body 4
General background 4
Adaptation to aerial growth 6
The systems in detail 9
2 Meristems and meristematic growth 14
Introduction 14
Apical meristems 15
Lateral meristems 20
Practical applications and uses of meristems 21
3 The structure of xylem and phloem 28
Introduction 28
The xylem 28
The phloem 41
Structure-function relationships in primary and secondary vascular tissues 45
4 The root 48
Introduction 48
Epidermis 48
Cortex 49
Endodermis 51
Pericycle 52
Vascular system 53
Lateral roots 54
5 The stem 57
Introduction 57
Stems - cross-sectional appearance 59
Transport phloem within the axial system 64
Transport tissue - structural components 66
Concluding remarks 68
6 The leaf 70
Introduction 70
Leaf structure 74
The epidermis 76
The mesophyll 93
Strengthening systems in the leaf 102
The vascular system 103
The phloem 108
Specifi cs of the monocotyledonous foliage leaf 111
Secretory structures 118
Concluding remarks 119
7 Flowers, fruits and seeds 121
Introduction 121
Vascularization 121
SEM studies 123
Palynology 124
Embryology 127
Seed and fruit histology 127
8 Adaptive features 135
Introduction 135
Mechanical adaptations 135
Adaptations to habitat 137
Xerophytes 139
Mesophytes 147
Hydrophytes 150
Applications 152
9 Economic aspects of applied plant anatomy 154
Introduction 154
Identifi cation and classifi cation 154
Taxonomic application 155
Medicinal plants 158
Food adulterants and contaminants 159
Animal feeding habits 162
Wood: present day 163
Wood: in archaeology 165
Forensic applications 168
Palaeobotany 169
Postscript 169
10 Practical microtechnique 170
Safety considerations 170
Materials and methods 170
Microscopy 191
Appendix 1 Selected study material 195
Appendix 2 Practical exercises 203
Glossary 242
Cited references 280
Further reading 282
Index 287
