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Full Description
This book seeks to explore how scientists across a number of countries managed to cope with the challenging circumstances created by World War II.
No scientist remained unaffected by the outbreak of WWII. As the book shows, there were basically two opposite ways in which the war encroached on the life of a scientific researcher. In some cases, the outbreak of the war led to engagement in research in support of a war-waging country; in the other extreme, it resulted in their marginalisation. The book, starting with the most marginalised scientist and ending with those fully engaged in the war-effort, covers the whole spectrum of enormously varying scientific fates. Distinctive features of the volume include:
a focus on the experiences of 'ordinary' scientists, rather than on figureheads like Oppenheimer or Otto Hahn
contributions from a range of renowned academics including Mark Walker, an authority in the field of science in World War II
a detailed study of the Netherlands during the German Occupation
This richly illustrated volume will be of major interest to researchers of the history of science, World War II, and Modern History.
Contents
Introduction: Ordinary Scientists in Extraordinary Circumstances Chapter 1. The Mobilisation of Science and Science-Based Technology during the Second World War: A Comparative History Chapter 2. To Work or Not to Work in War Research?: The Case of the Italian Physicist G.P.S. Occhialini during WWII Chapter 3. Scientific Research in the Second World War: The Case for Bacinol, Dutch Penicillin Chapter 4. Preventing Theft: The Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory in Wartime Chapter 5. Electron Microscopy in Second World War Delft Chapter 6. "Splendid Isolation"?: Aviation Medicine in World War II Chapter 7. National Socialism, Human Genetics and Eugenics in the Netherlands 1940-1945 Chapter 8. The Birth of a Modern Instrument and Its Development during World War II: Electron Microscopy in Germany from the 1930s to 1945 Chapter 9. Aerodynamic Research at the Nationaal Luchtvaartlaboratorium (NLL) in Amsterdam under German Occupation during World War II Chapter 10. Masa Takeuchi and His Involvement in the Japanese Nuclear Weapons Research Programme Chapter 11. The Cyclotron and the War: Construction of the 60-inch Cyclotron in Japan Chapter 12. Forging a New Discipline: Reflections on the Wartime Infrastructure for Research and Development in Feedback Control in the US, UK, Germany and USSR Chapter 13. British cryptanalysis: the breaking of 'Fish' traffic
