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Adapted from the groundbreaking bestseller Principles of Comparative Politics, Fourth Edition!
Foundations of Comparative Politics, Second Edition presents a scientific approach to the rich world of comparative inquiry, research, and scholarship, providing a guide to cross-national comparison and why it matters. This condensed, more accessible format introduces students to the key questions in comparative politics, using brief insights from tools such as decision, social choice, and game theory to help them understand clearly why some explanations for political phenomena are stronger than others.
William Roberts Clark, Matt Golder, and Sona Nadenichek Golder concentrate on describing the core features of regimes and institutions and on analyzing how these fundamental attributes drive variation in the economic and political outcomes we care about most. This approach—constructing and testing theories on political phenomena over basic memorization of country-specific facts—more closely replicates what comparative scholars do to explain, rather than describe. Current examples that show the application of theory help students develop invaluable real-world skills in critical thinking and empirical analysis that they will carry with them long after the course is over.
Contents
Part I: What is Comparative Politics?
Chapter 1: Introduction
Political Ideology
Overview of the Book
Chapter 2: What is Science?
What Is Science?
The Scientific Method
An Introduction to Logic
Myths About Science
Conclusion
Chapter 3: What is Politics?
The Exit, Voice, and Loyalty (EVL) Theory of Politics
What Happens in the EVL Theory?
Insights From the EVL Theory
Conclusion
Part II: The Modern State: Democracy or Dictatorship?
Chapter 4: The Origins of the Modern State
What Is the State?
The Social Contract View of the State
The Predatory View of the State
Conclusion
Chapter 5: The Economic Determinants of Democracy and Dictatorship
Early Democracy vs Modern Democracy
A Brief Overview of Modernization Theory
Income and Democracy
Modernization Theory and Democracy: A Closer Look
The Conditionality of Modernization Theory
Inequality and Democracy
Conclusion
Chapter 6: The Cultural Determinants of Democracy and Dictatorship
Does Democracy Require a Civic Culture?
Are Some Religions Incompatible With Democracy?
Theorizing About Culture
Conclusion
Chapter 7: Democratic Transitions
Bottom-Up Transitions to Democracy
Top-Down Transitions to Democracy
Conclusion
Part III: Varieties of Democracy and Dictatorship
Chapter 8: Varieties of Dictatorship
A Common Typology of Authoritarian Regimes
The Two Fundamental Problems of Authoritarian Rule
Selectorate Theory
Conclusion
Chapter 9: Problems with Group Decision Making
Problems With Group Decision Making
Arrow's Theorem
Conclusion
Chapter 10: Parliamentary, Presidential, and Semi-Presidential Democracies
Classifying Democracies
Governments in Parliamentary Democracies
Governments in Presidential Democracies
Governments in Semi-Presidential Democracies
Conclusion
Chapter 11: Elections and Electoral Systems
Elections and Electoral Integrity
Electoral Systems
Legislative Electoral System Choice
Conclusion
Chapter 12: Social Cleavages and Party Systems
Party Systems
Where Do Parties Come From?
Types of Political Parties and Social Cleavages
Number of Parties: Duverger's Theory
Party Competition
Conclusion
Chapter 13: Institutional Veto Players
Federalism
Bicameralism
Constitutionalism
Veto Players
Conclusion
Part IV: Varieties of Democracy and Political Outcomes
Chapter 14: Consequences of Democratic Institutions
Majoritarian or Consensus Democracy?
The Effect of Political Institutions on Fiscal Policy
Electoral Laws, Federalism, and Ethnic Conflict
Presidentialism and Democratic Survival
Conclusion
