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Full Description
South America contains some of the oldest democracies in the world, yet we still know relatively little about how and why democracy arose in the region. Raúl L. Madrid argues that three main developments - the professionalization of the military, the growth of parties, and splits within the ruling party - led to democratization in the early twentieth century. Military professionalization increased the incentives for the opposition to abandon the armed struggle and focus on the electoral path to power. The growth of parties boosted the capacity of the opposition to enact and enforce democratic reforms that would level the electoral playing field. And ruling party splits created the opportunity for the opposition and ruling party dissidents to ally and push through reforms. This persuasive and original book offers important implications for the study of democracy. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
Contents
Introduction: the origins of democracy in South America; 1. Armies, parties, and the birth of democracy; 2. Elections and democracy in South America before 1930; 3. Military professionalization and the decline of revolts; 4. The origins of strong parties in South America; 5. The roots of strong democracies: Chile and Uruguay; 6. The roots of weak democracies: Argentina and Colombia; 7. The roots of stable autocracies: Brazil, Peru, and Venezuela; 8. The roots of unstable autocracies: Bolivia, Ecuador, and Paraguay; Conclusion: contributions and implications.
