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Full Description
Few places were as important in the seventeenth-century European colonial New World as the pays d'en haut. This term means "upper country" and refers to the western Great Lakes (Huron, Michigan, and Superior) and the areas immediately north, south, and west of them. The region was significant because of its large Native American population, because it had an extensive riverine system needed for beaver populations—essential to the fur trade—and because it held the transportation key to westward expansion.
It was vital to the French, who controlled the region, to be on good terms with its peoples. To maintain good relations through trade and diplomacy with the nations in the pays d'en haut, the French built a number of posts, including one at Michilimackinac and one on the St. Joseph River (near Niles, Michigan). These posts were garrisoned by French troops and run by French commanders who contracted with merchants to manage business matters.
Edge of Empire provides both an overview and an intensely detailed look at Michilimackinac at a very specific period of history. While the introduction offers an overview of the French fur trade, of the place of Michilimackinac in that network, and of what Michilimackinac was like in the years up to 1716, the body of the book is comprised of over sixty French-language documents, now translated into English. Collected from archives in France, Canada, and the United States, the documents identify many of the people involved in the trade and reveal a great deal about the personal and professional relations among people who traded. They also reveal clearly the process by which trade was carried out, including the roles of both Native Americans and women. At the same time, the documents open a window into French colonial society in New France.
Contents
ContentsMaps000Illustrations000Foreword000Preface000Acknowledgments000Introduction000Short Title List of Documents000Document 1May 16, 1671: Copy of St. Lusson¿s Act of possession of the Northern Territory000Document 2July 8, 1683: Petition by Charles de Couagne against Marie Félix000Document 3 July 31, 1683: Subpoena delivered to Louis Oacuse000Document 4July 16, 1683: Interrogation of Louis Ouakouts000Document 5July 16 and 27, 1683: Testimony of Simone Côté and others000Document 6No date, 1683: Statement of trade goods belonging to Marie du Bocq000Document 7July 16, 1683: Petition by Charles de Couagne to seize Louis Ouakont¿s canoe000Document 8July 16, 1683: Petition of Charles de Couagne000Document 9Oct. 4, 1683: Petition by Claude Tardy 000Document 10Oct. 4¿7, 1683: Judicial investigation of Loisel and Villedieu000Document 11Oct. 5, 1683: Petition by Claude Tardy 000Document 12 Oct. 7, 1683: Loizel & Villedieu¿s petition000Document 13Oct. 11, 1683: Petition by Anthoine Villedieu 000Document 14Oct. 13, 1683: Judgment rendered by Migeon DeBransat000Document 15Oct. 13, 1683: Statement of court expenses000Document 16No date, 1684: Statement of expenditures made by sieur de la Durantaye000Document 17Dec. 31, 1684: Service contract of Claude Guichard, Carpenter, and La Durantaye000Document 18May 19, 1684: Death and inventory of Jean Gay (or Laurent) dit Cascaret000Document 19May 20, 1684: Court record of the death of Mathurin Normandin dit Beausoleil000Document 20Jan. 11, 1685: Partnership agreement between Laurent Baudet and sieur de la Durantaye000Document 21May 15, 1685: Partnership agreement between Jean Morneau & Jean Lariou & sieur de la Durantaye 000Document 22No date, 1686: Summary of Denonville¿s letters000Document 23Sept. 24, 1686: René Fezeret¿s complaint against Etienne de Sainte [Xainte]000Document 24Sept. 25, 1686: Etienne de Sainte¿s statement denying Fezeret¿s complaint000Document 25Sept. 26, 1686: Testimony of Fezeret¿s witnesses000Document 26Sept. 26¿27, 1686: Judicial inquiry regarding the petition of Estienne de Sainte against Fezeret 000Document 27Sept. 30, 1686: Verdict in favor of Fezeret against de Sainte000Document 28Mar. 3, 1687: Judgment to the benefit of sieur Patron against sieur Dulhut [Duluth]000Document 29 Mar. 8, 1688: King to Denonville and Champigny000Document 30Jan. 20, 1688: Marie Morin¿s sworn statement against Alphonse de Tonty000Document 31June 7, 1689: Instructions to Governor Frontenac000Document 32May 14, 1690: Agreement between Nicolas Perrot and Pierre Le Sueur000Document 33Sept. 1, 1690: Protest by Françoise Duquet against the Bishop of Quebec000Document 34Sept. 16, 1692: Summary investigation of the beaver trade000Document 35Aug. 31, 1693: Service contract between sieurs Louis Duquet Duverdier, etc., and sieur de la Durantaye000Document 36Sept. 9, 1694: Agreement between Monsieur de la Mothe de Cadillac and Moreau000Document 37Aug. 3, 1695: Cadillac to the Minister000Document 38Apr. 23, 1696: Agreement regarding the purchase, via credit, of trade goods by Marie Guyon000Document 39Sept. 2, 1696: Service contract of Jean Lalonde with Cadillac000Document 40Sept. 24, 1696: House-rental lease from sieur Petit to Mme Cadillac000Document 41September 1697: Champigny to the Minister re: Alphonse de Tonty¿s illegal trade at Michilimackinac000Document 42September 1697: Callière¿s orders to Le Verrier to stop the French from going to the Ottawa country, and Champigny¿s remarks000Document 43Oct. 27, 1697: Champigny to the Minister re: Alphonse de Tonty¿s illegal Michilimackinac trade000Document 44Sept. 4, 1697: Alphonse de Tonty¿s power of attorney to St. Germain000Document 45May 21, 1698: Minister to Callière000Document 46May 5, 1700: Royal memoir to Callière and Champigny000Document 47May 27, 1700: Minutes of the Enquiry of Fezeret v. Boudor000Document 48June 5, 1700: Fezeret v. Boudor: witnesses¿ testimony000Document 49Oct. 3, 1701: Reversal by the Sovereign Council of the 1699 judgment in Fezeret v. Boudor 000Document 50May 30, 1703: Minister to Callière re: La Durantaye; la dame de La Forest000Document 51Dec. 31, 1705: Declaration by Marie Lesueur000Document 52July 10, 1715: Ponchartrain to Ramezay and Bégon regarding soldiers at Michilimackinac000Document 53Nov. 20, 1715: Ramezay¿s orders regarding voyageur Verger dit Desjardins000Document 54Nov. 7, 1716: Louvigny¿s statement re: engagés¿ pay dispute over serving against the Foxes000Document 55Sept. 6, etc., 1716¿1717: Petition of Pierre Crevier Duvernay for Pay000Document 56Jan. 13, 1716: King¿s attorney¿s complaint against various voyageurs000Document 57Jan. 13, 1716: Record of interrogations of Leboeuf, etc.000Document 58Jan. 14, 1716: Sentence ordering the four guilty voyageurs to return to Michilimackinac000Document 59Jan. 14, 1716: Appearance of François Poisset as bond for Jean Vergé000Document 60Mar. 27, 1734: Statement by Daragon on the topic of Lafranchise who was robbed and buried alive about 42 years ago000Document 61Mar. 29, 1734: Statement by Widow Dailleboust De Musseaux on the topic of the soldier who was robbed and buried alive about 43 years ago000Document 62Mar. 30, 1734: Statement by Pierre Martin on the same topic000Notes000Appendix 1. Untranslated French Terms000Appendix 2. Seventeenth- and Eighteenth-Century Legal Terms000Appendix 3. List of Missionaries Assigned to Michilimackinac000Appendix 4. List of Commanders Assigned to Michilimackinac000Bibliography000Index000
