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Full Description
Fluidized beds have been known for over a century, yet widespread application has only occurred in the last fifty years. They are now one of the most important chemical engineering technologies. Applications range from oil refining to drying processes, solids handling systems, boilers, metallurgical heat treatment furnaces and environmental protection measures. Fluidized Bed Technology: Principles and Applications presents the essential facts about beds of solid particles when fluidized by gases, and explains how the technology has been applied to yield fluidized bed boilers, furnaces, heat recovery systems and process plants. The text is accompanied by worked examples, using elementary mathematics, to illustrated practical considerations, and contains comprehensive references for further reading. Fluidized Bed Technology: Principles and Applications will give the reader confidence to pursue the subject in greater depth and develop their own ideas. This will be a useful text for engineering students, practising professional engineers, engineering consultants, fuel technologists, R & D engineers and scientists, and any who may have to train staff in this area.
Contents
Introductionfluid. Packed (or fixed) beds. Fluidized beds. Treatment of the subject in this book. References. Particles and fluidization: Physical properties of solid particles. Classification of particles according to fluidization characteristics. Pressure drop across packed beds. Minimum fluidizing velocity and its determination. Two-phase theory of fluidization bubbles and fluidization regimes. Mixing, elutriation and transport of solids. References. Fluidized bed heat transfer: Modes of heat transfer. Heat transfer in beds of particles. Estimation of bed-to-surface heat transfer coefficients. Heat transfer between the bed, distributor, containing walls, immersed tubes or components. Heat transfer to surfaces located above the bed free surface. Concluding remarks. References. Design of simple fluidized beds: Introduction. Estimation of bed dimensions and fluidizing velocity. Transport disengaging height. Distributors. Heat removal from fluidized beds. Optimum size of a fluidized bed reactor. Concluding remarks. References. Fluidized bed combustion: Introduction. Combustion systems for solid fuels generally. Fluidized bed combustion of solid fuels. Size of fluidized bed combustion systems. Efficiency of fluidized bed combustion equipment. Combustion of fuel particles in a fluidized bed. Distinction between boilers and furnaces. Methods of starting up. Circulating or "fast" fluidized bed combustion systems. Control or emissions. Concluding remarks. Closure: Introduction. Gasifiers. Dryers. Metallurgical heat treatment furnaces. Solids transport systems. Flue gas desulphurization. Fluidized bed catalytic cracking. Design practice and scale-up.
