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基本説明
Considers impacts of particular activities, such as hiking and camping, off-road vehicles, and impacts specific to certain ecosystems e.g. marine environments, polar coasts, mountain environments.
Full Description
All forms of tourism have impacts on the natural environment. The impacts of ecotourism tend to be concentrated in areas of highest conservation value, hence the need to manage and minimize these. The book considers impacts of particular activities, such as hiking and camping, off-road vehicles, and recreational boats, and impacts specific to certain ecosystems e.g. marine environments, polar coasts, mountain environments. It incorporates reviews of better-studied impacts, by well-known experts; and case studies of recent research and less well-known issues.
Contents
PART 1: CONTEXT 1: Impacts positive and negative: links between ecotourism and environment, Ralf Buckley 2: The cost of getting there: impacts of travel to ecotourism destinations, David Simmons and Susanne Becken, Lincoln University, New Zealand 3: Impacts of tourism-related in-migration: the Greater Yellowstone Region, Jerry Johnson, Montana State University, USA PART 2: REVIEWS: ACTIVITIES 4: Impacts of hiking and camping on soils and vegetation, David Cole, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Research Institute, USA 5: Environmental impacts associated with recreational horse riding, David Newsome, Murdoch University, Australia, David Cole, and Jeff Marion, Patuxent Wildlife Research Centre, USA 6: Environmental impacts of motorised off-highway vehicles, Ralf Buckley 7: Impacts of tour boats in marine environments, Jan Warnken and Troy Byrnes, Griffith University, Australia PART 3: REVIEWS: ECOSYSTEMS 8: Impacts of recreational power boating on freshwater ecosystems, Thorsten Mosisch, Moreton Bay Waterways and Catchment Partnership, Australia, and Angela Arthington, Griffith University, Australia 9: Ecological impacts of tourism in terrestrial polar ecosystems, Bruce Forbes, University of Lapland, Finland, Christopher Monz, St. Lawrence University, USA, and Anne Tolvanen, University of Oulu, Finland 10: Ecological impacts and management of tourist engagements with cetaceans, James Higham and David Lusseau, University of Otago, New Zealand 11: Impacts of ecotourism on birds, Ralf Buckley 12: Impacts of ecotourism on terrestrial wildlife, Ralf Buckley PART 4: REVIEWS: MANAGEMENT 13: Environmentally sustainable trail management, Jeff Marion, and Yu-Fai Leung, North Carolina State University, USA 15: Managing impacts of camping, Yu-Fai Leung, and Jeff Marion 16: Visitor perceptions of recreation-related resource impacts, Robert Manning, Steven Lawson, Peter Newman, Megha Budruk, William Valliere, Daniel Laven and James Bacon, University of Vermont, USA 17: Managing impacts of ecotourism through use rationing and allocation, Robert Manning 18: Using Ecological Impact Measurements to Design Visitor Management, Ralf Buckley PART 5: CASE STUDIES 19: Reducing impacts through interpretation, Lamington National Park, Carolyn Littlefair, Griffith University, Australia 20: Campsite impacts in Prince William Sound, Alaska USA, Christopher Monz, St. Lawrence University, USA, and Paul Twardock, Alaska Pacific University, USA 21: The role of tourism in spreading dieback disease in Australian, Ralf Buckley, Narelle King and Tatia Zubrinich, Griffith University, Australia 22: Instream bacteria as a low-threshold management indicator of tourist impacts in conservation reserves, Wiebke Warnken and Ralf Buckley, Griffith University, Australia 23: Four-wheel drive vehicle impacts in the Central Coast Region of Western Australia, Julianna Priskin,The University of Western Australia, Australia 24: Ecological impacts of ecotourist visitation on macroalgal beds in Pacific Rim National Park Reserve, Lilian Alessa, Andrew Kliskey and Martin Robards, University of Alaska Anchorage, USA 25: Understanding use and users at Itatiaia National Park, Brazil, Teresa Magro, ESALQ/USP, Brazil, and Maria De Barros, Outward Bound Brasil, Brazil 26: Impacts and management of hikers in Kavkazsky State Biosphere Reserve, Russia, Vera Chizhova, Moscow State University, Russia
