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Full Description
Today's petrochemical industry is an amazing model of production efficiency, taking crude oil and supplying thousands of discrete chemicals and materials from just seven primary building blocks. Renewable raw materials offer a new set of primary building blocks including carbohydrates in the form of cellulose, starch, homicellulose, and monomeric sugars, aromatics in the form of lignin, hydrocarbons in the form of fatty acids and polyols in the form of glycerol. Yet chemical production today is overwhelmingly dominated by crude oil, principally because conversion technology for renewables still lags far behind that available for nonrenewables. Technology is needed that will lead to renewables based chemical processes that rival or exceed the diversity and efficiency of today's chemical industry. The cellulose and Renewable Materials division (CELL) of American Chemical Society offered a forum for this topic Feedstocks for the Future: Renewables for the production of Chemical and Materials, at the national ACS meeting in Anaheim, CA, March 28-April 1, 2004.
This symposium included discussions of emerging conversion technologies for renewable building blocks, new mechanistic understanding of these conversion processes, development of new catalytic processes tailored for renewables, life cycle and process analysis for renewables, and identification of new structures that could serve as platforms for renewables-based product families. The book is intended to have a strong emphasis on organic chemistry, mechanism, and structure, and novel synthesis and production of chemicals, polymers and materials. More specifically, the reader will find information in the following areas: 1) new transformations of carbohydrates to chemicals and polymers 2) novel oleochemical processes; new uses of glycerol and fatty acids 3) transition metal catalyzed transformations of carbohydrates, lignin, fatty acids, glycerol, etc. 4) economic, environmental, and life cycle analysis of chemicals derived from renewables 5) production of new polymeric materials from renewables 6) new biocatalytic transformations of renewable building blocks 7) industrialuses of renewables and renewables based building blocks
Contents
Joseph J. Bozell and Martin Patel: Preface
1: Joseph J. Bozell: Feedstocks for the Future: Using Technology Development as a Guide to Product Identification
2: Jurgen O. Metzger and Ursula Bierman: Sustainable Development and Renewable Feedstocks for Chemical Industry
3: Detlef Wilke and Yuri Gleba: Starting at the Front End
4: Leo E. Manzer: Biomass Derivatives: A Sustainable Source of Chemicals
5: Pierre Gazellor, Michele Besson, Laurent Djakovitch, Alain Perrad, Catherine Pinel, and Alexander Sorokin: Catalytic Transformations of Carbohydrates
6: Dejan D. Andjelkovic, Fengkui Li and Richard C. Larock: Novel Polymeric Materials from Soybean Oils
7: Graham J. Hutchings, Silvio Carrettin, Paul McMorn, Patrick Jenkins, Gary A. Attard, Peter Johnson, Ken Griffin and Christopher J. Kiely: Cyclic voltammetry as a potential predictive method for supported nanocrystalline gold catalysts for oxidation in aqueous media
8: J. van Haveren, E.A. Oostveenm F. Micciche, J.G.J. Weijnen: How biobased products contribute to the establishment of sustainable, phthalate free, plasticisers and coatings
9: Scott D. Allen, Christopher M. Byrne and Geoffrey W. Coates: Carbon Dioxide as a Renewable C1 Feedstock: Synthesis and Characterization of Polycarbonates from the Alternating Copolymerization of Epoxides and C02
10: Corey R. Anthony and Lisa McElwee-White: Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Methanol
11: Kevin F. Gableand Brian Ross: Improved Catalytic Deoxygenation of Vicinal Diols and Application to Alditols
12: Colin P. Horowitz, Terrence J. Collins, Jonathan Spatz, Hayden J. Smith, L. James Wright, Trevor R. Stuthridge, Kathryn G. Wingate, and Kim McGrouther: Iron TAML Catalysts in the Pulp and Paper Industry
13: Duncan J. Macquarrie, Jeff J.E. Hardy, Sandrine Hubert, Alexa J. Devaux, Amrco Bandini, Rafael Luque Alvarez, Marie Chabrel: New Heterogeneous Catalysts Derived from Chitosan for Clean Technology Applications
14: Peter Richard, Ritva Verho, John Londesborough and Merja Penttila: Genetic Engineering of S. Cerevisiae for Pentose Utilization
15 Microbial Formation of Polydroxyalkanoates from Forestry-Based Substrates: Thomas M. Keenan, Stuart W. Tanenbaum, James P. Makas:
16: Arthur J. Stipanovic, Thomas E. Amidon, Gary M. Schott, Vincent Barber and Misty K. Blowers: Hemicellulose From Biodelignified Wood: A Feedstock for Renewable Materials and Chemicals
17: Robert P. Anex and Alison L. Ogletree: Life Cycle Assessment of Energy-based Impacts of a Biobased Process for Producing 1,3-Propanediol
18: Anneliese Niederl, Michael Narodoslawsky: Ecological Evaluation of Processes based on By-products or Waste from Agriculture: Life Cycle Assessment of Biodiesel from Tallow and Used Vegetable Oil
19: Gregory M. Bohlmann: Polyhydroxalkanoate Production in Crops
20: Stephen W. Fitzpatrick: The Biofine Technology
21: J.J.G. van Soest: The Development of Biopolymer-based Nanostructured Materials: Plastics, Gels, IPNs and Nanofoams
22: J. Michael Robinson, Caroline E. Burgess, Melissa A. Bently, Chris D. Brasher, Bruce O. Horne, Danny M. Lillard, José M. Macias, Laura D. Marrufo, Hari D. Madal, Samuel C. Mills, Kevin D. O'Hara, Justin T. Pon, Annette F. Raigoza, Ernesto M. Sanchex, José S.Villarreal, and Qian Xian: Polyols: An Alternative Sugar Platform for Conversion of Biomass to Fuels and Chemicals
23: Peter Karlsson, Johannes P. Roubroeks, Wolfgang G. Glasser, and Paul Gatenholm: Optimization of the Process Conditions for the Extraction of Heteropolysaccharides from Birch (Betula pendula)
24: Stéphane Guilbert, Marie-Hélène Morel, Nathalie Gontard, Bernard Cuq: Protein-based Plastics and Composites as Smart Green Materials
