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Full Description
In January 1944, an earthquake reduced the province of San Juan, Argentina, to rubble, leaving perhaps ten thousand dead and one hundred thousand homeless. In The Ruins of the New Argentina, Mark A. Healey argues that the disaster and the massive rebuilding project that followed transformed not only the province but also the nation. The earthquake was a shattering and galvanizing experience, an indictment of the old social order and an invitation to transform it. From the nation's capital, an obscure colonel in a recently installed military regime launched a relief campaign and rapidly commissioned plans to rebuild the province, especially its capital city. The campaign was a rousing success, launching the public career of its director, Juan Domingo PerÓn, who would soon found a movement, reach the presidency, and transform the politics and social structure of the country. Dreaming and building the new city became the landmark project for a generation of modernist architects and planners, as well as an enduring challenge and controversy for local residents and the Peronist state. By exploring the struggle to rebuild, Healey shows how this destroyed province played a crucial role in forging, testing, and ultimately limiting the Peronist project of transforming the nation.
Contents
Illustrations ix
Acknowledgments xi
Acronyms xv
Introduction 1
Part 1. Revelations Among the Ruins, Early 1944
1. "Rooted Vines and Uprooted Men": The World Wine Made 25
2. In a Broken Place 51
3. "The Measure of Our National Solidarity": The Aid Campaign and the Rise of Perón 66
Part 2. The Cornerstone of the New Argentina, Early 1944
4. Utopias in the Dust: Architects' Visions for the New City 87
5. The Superstition of Adobe and the Certainty of Concrete 106
6. Looking for Order Among the Ruins 124
Part 3. From Leading Case to Exemplary Failure, Mid-1944 to Mid-1946
7. Diverging Paths of Reform: Architects, Labor, and the Reconstruction Council 159
8. The Revolt of the Engineers: Protest and the Profession in 1945 183
9. "San Juan is Still Waiting": Rebuilding and the Election of 1946 204
Part 4. "Rubble or No Rubble, We Want Perón, 1946-1962
10. Against the "Sovereignty of Experts": Rebuilding on Local Terms, 1946-1947 225
11. "The Pacification of Spirits": Peronism in One Province, 1947-1955 238
12. The "Bulldozer Kid" and the Rebuilt City, 1955-1962 267
Final Reckonings 291
Appendix: Government Spending in San Juan 299
Notes 301
Bibliography 357
Index 379
