Full Description
On June 1, 1942, the United States Marine Corps broke a 144-year tradition and enlisted the first black Marines. Three months later, more than 400 black volunteers began their training as members of the 51st Composite Defense Battalion at Montford Point, a Marine camp of over five square miles located within Camp Lejeune in North Carolina. Informed by personal interviews, this volume takes an in-depth look at the men who braved the color barrier and became the first black Marines.
Beginning with a look at the pre-World War II Marine Corps, it examines the creed and contemporary image of the USMC. The main focus is the experiences of the new black Marines. Additional topics include internal Marine perspectives on the admittance of blacks, initially enforced quotas, and the difficulties of segregation. Appendices provide information regarding monthly inductions into the Marine Corps from 1941 to 1945; rank and pay structure; depot and ammunition companies from 1943 to 1946; and Pacific Ocean area units of fire for ground weapons.
Contents
Table of Contents
Preface
Section I. Pre-World War II
1. "No Negro, Mulatto, or Indian to be enlisted..."
2. The U.S. Marine Corps—A Very Brief History
3. A Closer Look
4. A Chance to Join "The Club"
Section II. 1941-1942: The War Begins
5. The Exigencies of War
6. Blacks Accept the Challenge
7. American Strategy
8. The First Black Marine Unit
9. Training the First Black Recruits
10. Changes Come Quickly
Section III. 1943
11. Proving Amphibious Doctrine
12. Segregation Is Still the Rule
13. Training with the Guns
14. War Is Serious Business
15. Change Comes Slowly
16. A Time of Turmoil
Section IV. 1944
17. Activating the 52d Defense Battalion
18. South Pacific
19. Leaving the States
20. The Marianas
21. Operation Forager Countinues
22. Moving Out
23. Pushing Black Marines Through
24. Garrison Life
Section V. 1945-1946
25. No End in Sight
26. Hounded by the Press
27. Okinawa—Operation Iceberg
28. "...A very lovely day..."
29. Future for Black Marines
30. A Few of the Men, Continued
Appendices
Chapter Notes
Bibliography
Index
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