Full Description
Above the entrance to the Finnish Labour Temple, in what was once Port Arthur in northern Ontario, is the motto labor omnia vincit - "hard work conquers all." Since 1910, these words have reflected the dedication of the Finnish community in Canada.
Hard Work Conquers All is a social history of Finnish immigration and community building in Canada during the twentieth century. Each successive wave of immigration imbued the relationship between people, homeland, and host country with the politics, ideologies, and cultural expressions of its time.
The story of Finns in Canada dovetails with the larger literature on Canadian immigration and enriches the history of socialism and ethnic repression in this country. Hard Work Conquers All explores the nuanced cultural identities of Finnish Canadians, their continued ties to Finland, intergenerational cultural transfer, and the community's connections with socialism and labour movements. It offers new interpretations of the lasting influence of Finnish immigration on Canadian politics and society.
Contents
Introduction: Writing about Finnish Canadian Experiences / Michel S. Beaulieu, David K. Ratz, and Ronald N. Harpelle
1 The Finnish Contribution to Early Canadian Socialist Organizations / Michel S. Beaulieu
2 Matti Kurikka and the Utopian Socialist Settlement of Sointula, British Columbia / J. Donald Wilson
3 Finnish Canadian Soldiers in the First World War / David K. Ratz
4 Wrestling, Immigration, and Working-Class Culture: The Finns of the Thunder Bay District before 1939 / C. Nathan Hatton
5 "I Won't Be a Slave!": Finnish Domestics in Canada, 1911-30 / Varpu Lindström
6 "Dear Jussi-Setä": Generation, Language, and Community in the Youth Page of Vapaus, 1945-60 / Tanya Tuohimaa
7 Terveisiä: A Century of Finnish Immigrant Letters from Canada / Samira Saramo
8 Cookbooks for Upstairs: Ethnicity, Class, and Gender in Perspective / Hanna Snellman
9 From Bush to Bay Street: The Finnish Community of Thunder Bay as Memories, Narratives, and Experiences / Antti Häkkinen
Afterword / Michel S. Beaulieu, David K. Ratz, and Ronald N. Harpelle
Index
