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Full Description
Many Christians believe that people who are not saved before they die will be punished in hell forever. But is this what the Bible truly teaches? Do Christians need to rethink their understanding of hell? In the late twentieth century, a growing number of theologians, biblical scholars, and philosophers began to reject the traditional doctrine of eternal conscious torment in hell in favour of a minority theological perspective called conditional immortality. This view contends that the unsaved are resurrected to face divine judgment, just as Christians have always believed. However, due to the fact that immortality is only given to those who are in Christ, the unsaved do not exist forever in hell. Instead, they face the punishment of the 'second death' - an end to their conscious existence. This volume brings together excerpts from a variety of well-respected evangelical thinkers, including John Stott, John Wenham, and E. Earle Ellis, as they articulate the biblical, theological, and philosophical arguments for conditionalism. These readings will give thoughtful Christians strong evidence that there are indeed compelling reasons for rethinking hell.
Contents
Foreword by John G. Stackhouse Jr.
Preface by Gregory G. Stump
Acknowledgments
Permissions
Abbreviations
Editor's Introduction by Christopher M. Date
Part One: Rethinking Hell
1 Igniting an Evangelical Conversation / Peter S. Grice
2 Introduction to Evangelical Conditionalism / Glenn A. Peoples
Part Two: Influential Defenses of Conditionalism
3 The Final End of the Wicked / Edward W. Fudge
4 The Nature of Final Destiny / Stephen H. Travis
5 Judgment and Hell / John R.W. Stott
6 The Destruction of the Finally Impenitent / Clark H. Pinnock
7 The Case for Conditional Immortality / John W. Wenham
Part Three: Biblical Support for Conditionalism
8 The Doom of the Lost / Basil F. C. Atkinson
9 New Testament Teaching on Hell / E. Earle Ellis
10 Does Revelation 14:11 Teach Eternal Torment? / Ralph G. Bowles
11 The General Trend of Bible Teaching / Harold E. Guillebaud
12 Claims about "Hell" and Wrath / Anthony C. Thiselton
Part Four: Philosophical Support for Conditionalism
13 Is the Soul Immortal? / Philip E. Hughes
14 Divine Justice / Henry Constable
15 Divine and Human Punishment in the New Testament / Christopher D. Marshall
16 A Kinder, Gentler Damnation? / Nigel G. Wright
17 The Future of the Totally Corrupt / Richard G. Swinburne
Part Five: Historical Considerations
18 The Development of Gehenna between the Old and New Testaments / Kim G. Papaioannou
19 Conditionalism in the Early Church / LeRoy E. Froom
Part Six: Conditionalism and Evangelicalism
20 Hell and Evangelical Unity / Evangelical Alliance
21 Diverse Christian Beliefs about Life beyond Death / Roger E. Olson
22 Equally Orthodox Christians / Ben Witherington III
Appendix A: Recommended Reading
Bibliography
Ancient Document Index
