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Full Description
Biological nitrogen fixation, the conversion of nitrogen from the atmosphere to ammonia, is the main process of nitrogen input to the earth today. There this nitrogen is indispensable for plant and animal production, and the maintenance of adequate protein standards. This 1976 volume provides information, presented at an international symposium in Edinburgh, on the free-living nitrogen-fixing bacteria and blue-green algae. In addition to information on the distribution of the nitrogenase enzyme within these groups, their role in the soil and in aquatic systems is considered, as are the methods of measuring nitrogen fixation. Particular attention is paid to the biochemistry of the process, much of which has been elucidated using free-living nitrogen-fixing organisms.
Contents
Contributors; Preface; Part I. Nitrogen Fixation by Free-Living Bacteria: 1. Physiology and ecology of free-living, nitrogen-fixing bacteria E. G. Mulder; 2. Anaerobic nitrogen-fixing bacteria of different soil types E. N. Mishustin and V. T. Yemtsev; 3. Nitrogen fixation in the rhizosphere of tropical grasses Johanna Dobereiner and J. M. Day; 4. Nitrogen fixation in the rhizosphere of rice plants J. Balandreau, G. Rinaudi, Ibitissam Fares-Hamad and Y. Dommergues; 5. The Broadbalk experiment. An investigation of nitrogen gains from non-symbiotic nitrogen fixation J. Day, D. Harris, P. J. Dart and P. van Berkum; 6. Nitrogen fixation in the phyllosphere Jacoba Ruinen; 7. Associative growth of nitrogen-fixing bacteria with other micro-organisms V. Jensen and Ester Holm; 8. Nitrogen fixation associated with vascular aquatic macrophytes W. S. Silver and A. Jump; Part II. Nitrogen Fixation by Free-Living, Blue-Green Algae: 9. Nitrogen assimilation and metabolism in blue-green algae W. D. P. Stewart, A. Haystead and M. W. N. Dharmawardene; 10. The physiology of nitrogen fixation by a Gloeocapsa sp. J. R. Gallon, W. G. W. Kurz and T. A. LaRue; 11. Nitrogen fixation by blue-green algae in polar and subpolar regions Vera A. Alexander; 12. Nitrogen fixation by blue-green algae in temperate soils U. Granhall; 13. A comparison of nitrogen fixation by algae of temperate and tropical soils Elisabeth Henriksson, L. E. Henriksson and E. J. DaSilva; 14. The role of blue-green algae in tropical rice cultivation G. S. Venkataraman; 15. Research on blue-green algae in Egypt, 1958-1972 A. S. El-Nawawy and Y. A. Hamdi; 16. Nitrogen-fixing algae in Morocco J. Renaut, A. Sasson, H. W. Pearson and W. D. P. Stewart; Part III. The Acetylene-Reduction Technique: 17. The acetylene-reduction technique R. H. Burris; 18. Recent studies using the acetylene-reduction technique as an assay for field nitrogen fixation levels E. A. Paul; 19. Seasonal and diurnal variations in N2(C2H2)-fixing activity in field soyabeans C. Sloger, D. Bezdiecek, R. Milberg and N. Boonkerd; 20. Acetylene-reduction assay at ambient PO2 studies and forest soils: laboratory and field core studies R. Knowles and P. O'Toole; 21. The biochemistry of nitrogen fixation - an introduction F. J. Bergersen; 22. Some aspects of leghaemoglobin biosynthesis C. A. Godfrey, D. R. Coventry and M. J. Dilworth; 23. Preparation and properties of nitrogenase proteins R. H. Burris; 24. Morphology, reactions and characteristics of nitrogenase proteins R. W. F. Hardy, R. C. Burns, J. T. Stasny and G.W. Parshall; 25. Kinetics and mechanism of nitrogenase action R. R. Eady, B. E. Smith, R. N. F. Thorneley, M. G. Yates and J. R. Postgar; 26. Reductants for nitrogenase and relationships to cellular electron transport H. J. Evans and D. A. Phillips; 27. Relationships between nitrogenase systems and ATP-yielding processes R. O. D. Dixon; 28. Azotobacter nitrogenase: ATP kinetics and inhibition by high ionic strength R. C. Burns and R. W. F. Hardy; 29. Azotobacter nitrogenase: mechanism and kinetics if allene reduction R. C. Burns, R. W. F. Hardy and W. D. Phillips; Index.
