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Full Description
When this book was first published in 1996, the pollution of the earth's freshwater habitats was, as it is now, a topic of major concern. This synthesis considers the effects of pollutants on aquatic animals via a series of research and review articles that present experimental evidence of sublethal and lethal effects of a range of toxicants at the physiological, cellular and subcellular levels, and that explore techniques for detection of pollution damage. Topics covered include routes of uptake of toxicants; the effect of acute and chronic exposure to toxic metal ions, particularly zinc, copper and aluminium, with emphasis on the mechanisms of toxicity and responses to chronic exposure to sublethal levels; the impact on fish biology of two chemicals of current concern, nitrites and polyaromatic hydrocarbons, which may act as oestrogenic substances or potent mutagens; and in vitro studies of the mechanisms of toxicity at the cellular and subcellular level, including damage of DNA, using cultured fish cells.
Contents
Preface; 1. Water chemistry at the gill surface of fish and the uptake of xenobiotics D. J. Randall, C. Brauner, R. V. Thurston, and J. F. Neuman; 2. Bioaccumulation of waterborne 1,2,4,5-tetrachlorobenzene in tissues of rainbow trout R. V. Thurston, J. F. Neuman, C. J. Brauner, and D. J. Randall; 3. Dietary exposure to toxic metals in fish R. D. Handy; 4. The physiology and toxicology of zinc in fish C. Hogstrand, and C. M. Wood; 5. Lethal and sublethal effects of copper upon fish: a role for ammonia E. W. Taylor, M. W. Beaumont, P. J. Butler, J. Mair, and M. S. I. Mujallid; 6. The physiology and status of brown trout exposed to aluminium in acidic soft waters J. A. Brown, and C. P. Waring; 7. Physiological and metabolic costs of acclimation to chronic sublethal acid and aluminium R. W. Wilson; 8. Physiological effects of nitrite in teleosts and crustaceans F. B. Jensen; 9. Metallothioneins in fish: induction and use in environmental monitoring P.-E. Olsen; 10. Oestrogenic substances in the aquatic environment and their potential impact on animals, particularly fish J. P Sumpter, S. Jobling, and C. R. Tyler; 11. Effect of genetic toxicants in aquatic organisms J. W. Nunn, D. R. Livingstone, and J. K. Chapman; 12. In vitro toxicology of aquatic pollutants: use of cultured fish cells S. G. George; 13 Principles governing the use of cytochrome P4501A1 measurement as a pollution monitoring tool in the aquatic environment M. J. Leaver; Index.
