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Designed to encourage critical thinking about history, the MAJOR PROBLEMS IN AMERICAN HISTORY series introduces readers to both primary sources and analytical essays on important topics in American history. The collection of essays and documents in MAJOR PROBLEMS IN NORTH AMERICAN BORDERLANDS surveys the North American past from the point of view of its borderlands. The essays and documents discuss people and events readers may find familiar, such as the founding of early European colonies, U.S. independence, the War of 1812, the U.S.-Mexican War, and Prohibition, but less widely-known events and actors--expanding native peoples, the Bourbon reforms of the Spanish Empire, fleeing slaves and servants, border surveyors, the Mexican Revolution, and key U.S. immigration legislation--also take center stage. In one sense this volume is clearly a work of U.S. history, but it is also Canadian and Mexican and native history with an overriding theme that we must take into account the meetings of different peoples and nations if we are to understand our past and present. This text presents a carefully selected group of readings organized to allow readers to evaluate primary sources, test the interpretations of distinguished historians, and draw their own conclusions. Each chapter includes introductions, source notes, and suggested readings.
Contents
CHAPTER 1: WHAT IS BORDERLANDS HISTORY?.
ESSAYS.
Michiel Baud and Willem Van Schendel , "A Comparative Approach to Borderlands"; Jeremy Adelman and Stephen Aron , "From Borderlands to Borders"; Andrew Graybill and Benjamin Johnson , "Telling North American Border Histories."
CHAPTER 2: EARLY BORDERLANDS: THE SOUTHWEST.
DOCUMENTS.
1. Gines de Herrera Horta Testifies on Spanish Treatment of Pueblo Indians, 1601 2. Pedro Naranjo (Keresan Pueblo) Explains the Pueblo Revolt, 1681 3. Bishop Benito Crespo Is Confounded by New Mexico, 1730 4. Father Francisco Casanas de Jesus Maria on How to Win the Allegiance of the Caddo Indians, 1691 5. Philibert Ory Urges Louisiana to Open Trade with Spaniards in Natchitoches, 1730 6. Captain Pierre Marie Francois de Pages Reports on Texas, 1767.
ESSAYS.
Dedra S. MacDonald, "Indians and Africans Collaborate in Colonial New Mexico"; Juliana Barr, "Captivity, Gender, and Social Control in the Texas-Louisiana Borderlands."
CHAPTER 3: MIDDLE GROUNDS, BORDERLANDS, AND FRONTIERS.
DOCUMENTS.
1. John Smith on the Powhatan Confederacy, 1624 2. Chief Powhatan Addresses John Smith, 1609 3. Father Jean de Brebeuf Instructs Jesuit Missionaries, 1637 4. Mary Jemison Looks Back on Her Capture by and Life Among Indians, 1824 5. The South Carolina Legislature Passes an Act for the Capture of
Runaway Slaves, 1700 6. William Stephens Assesses the Prospects of Slavery in Georgia, 1742 7. Pierre Le Moyne dfIberville Addresses Chickasaw and Choctaw Leaders, 1702 8. Governor Etienne de Perier Considers the Use of Black Slave Troops against Indians, 1730 9. Governor Etienne de Perier Appraises French-English-Chickasaw Relations, 1730.
ESSAYS.
James H. Merrell , "Indian-English Frontiers of Cooperation and Conquest"; Kathleen Duval , "French Louisiana in the Native Ground."
CHAPTER 4: BORDERLANDS, CULTURAL EXCHANGES, AND NEW NATIVE SOCIETIES.
DOCUMENTS.
1. Maheo, All-Father Creator, Warns the Cheyennes about Life with Horses 2. Saukamappee (Cree) Recalls the Arrival of Horses, Guns, and Smallpox to the Northern Plains, 1787 3. The Marques de Rubi Recommends the Extermination of the Apaches, 1768 4. Charles McKenzie Describes Horse and Gun Trade on the Northern Plains, 1805 5. Rudolph Friedrich Kurz on Gifts, Intermarriage, and the Fur Trade 6. Francis Chardon Records Relations between Fur Traders and Native Women and a Smallpox Epidemic in the Upper Missouri River, 1836 - 1839.
ESSAYS.
Sylvia Van Kirk, "Intermarriage, Borderlands, and Power"; Pekka Hamalainen, "Ecological Change and Indigenous Imperialism in the Southwest Borderlands."
CHAPTER 5: BORDERLANDS IN CHANGE: THE VIEW FROM ABOVE.
DOCUMENTS.
1. Theodore de Croix Compares California to Older Spanish Colonies, 1781 2. Governor Alejandro O'fReilly Evaluates Louisiana's Position in Spain's Colonial Economy, 1769 3. Bernardo de Galvez Outlines How to Achieve Peace by Deceit 1786 4. Pontiac Urges Ottawas, Potawatomis, and Hurons to Rise Up Against the British, 1763 5. Governor William Tryon Assesses the Potential of North
Carolina Backcountry, 1765 6. George Washington Denounces the Royal Proclamation Line, 1767.
ESSAYS.
David J. Weber, "New Spain and Its Borderlands"; Francois Furstenberg, "Anglo-America and Its Borderlands."
CHAPTER 6: BORDERLANDS IN CHANGE: THE VIEW FROM BELOW.
DOCUMENTS.
1. Athanese de Mezieres Courts and Coerces Wichita Chiefs, 1770 2. John Sibley and a Comanche Chief Try to Impress One Another, 1807 3. Fernando de la Concha Laments the Corrupting Influence of Indians in the New Mexico Borderlands, 1794 4. Pedro Bautista Pino Assesses the Condition of New Mexico,
1812 5. Joseph Holt Ingraham Observes Indians and Slaves in Natchez, 1835 6. The Dohasan Calendar, 1832 - 1892 7. The First Census of Los Angeles, 1781.
ESSAYS.
Daniel H. Usner, Jr., "The Frontier Exchange Economy of the Lower Mississippi Valley"; Steven W. Hackel, "Surviving Mission Life in Alta California."
CHAPTER 7: THE MEXICAN NORTH.
DOCUMENTS.
1. Jose Maria Sanchez Criticizes
