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Full Description
The Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic (TDFR) was a unique, bottom-up, and a fleeting display of political unity and federalism among the main Armenian, Azerbaijani and Georgian political factions between 22 April 1918, when it declared its independence, and 26 May 1918, when it was dissolved and replaced by the three nation-states of Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia. Focusing on a crucial but poorly understood moment in the modern history of the Caucasus at the end of the First World War, this book offers a systematic, contextually-rich, and multi-perspectival—Armenian, Azerbaijani, Georgian, Ottoman, German, British, American, Italian, Bolshevik, Ukrainian and North Caucasian—account of the TDFR, drawing on contributions (with the new material from archives in Tbilisi, Grozny, Yerevan, Baku, Istanbul, Berlin, London, Washington D.C.) by a new generation of historians and scholars working on the region.
The book argues that despite its month-long existence in this geopolitically volatile region, the TDFR, with and its federative nature and the various discussions about federalism and federation that it provoked, continued to have an appeal for Georgians, Azerbaijanis, Armenians as well as for the Great Powers well beyond its dissolution. Moreover, the experience of the TDFR reifies federalism as a key political concept in the modern history of the Caucasus.
The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the Caucasus Survey.
Contents
Introduction: Who wanted the TDFR? The making and the breaking of the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic
Adrian Brisku and Timothy K. Blauvelt
1. Between empire and independence: Armenia and the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic
Mikayel Zolyan
2. Azerbaijan and the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic: historical reality and possibility
Georges Mamoulia
3. The Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic (TDFR) as a "Georgian" responsibility
Adrian Brisku
4. Pragmatism and expediency: Ottoman calculations and the establishment of the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic
Stefano Taglia
5. The German perspective on the Transcaucasian Federation and the influence of the Committee for Georgia's Independence
Lasha Bakradze
6. Feeble projects and aspirations: the Caucasian and Transcaucasian federation/confederation in the geopolitics of 1918-1920
Beka Kobakhidze
7. Ideology meets practice in the struggle for the Transcaucasus: Stepan Shaumyan and the evolution of Bolshevik nationality policy
Timothy K. Blauvelt
8. Ukraine and the Transcaucasus in 1917-1918: parallels, interactions, influences
Timothy K. Blauvelt and Stanislav Tumis
9. Turning towards unity: a North Caucasian perspective on the Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic
Sarah Slye
Afterword
Adrian Brisku
