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Full Description
How organizations can use practices developed by expert designers to solve today's open, complex, dynamic, and networked problems.
When organizations apply old methods of problem-solving to new kinds of problems, they may accomplish only temporary fixes or some ineffectual tinkering around the edges. Today's problems are a new breed—open, complex, dynamic, and networked—and require a radically different response. In this book, Kees Dorst describes a new, innovation-centered approach to problem-solving in organizations: frame creation. It applies "design thinking," but it goes beyond the borrowed tricks and techniques that usually characterize that term. Frame creation focuses not on the generation of solutions but on the ability to create new approaches to the problem situation itself.
The strategies Dorst presents are drawn from the unique, sophisticated, multilayered practices of top designers, and from insights that have emerged from fifty years of design research. Dorst describes the nine steps of the frame creation process and illustrates their application to real-world problems with a series of varied case studies. He maps innovative solutions that include rethinking a store layout so retail spaces encourage purchasing rather than stealing, applying the frame of a music festival to understand late-night problems of crime and congestion in a club district, and creative ways to attract young employees to a temporary staffing agency. Dorst provides tools and methods for implementing frame creation, offering not so much a how-to manual as a do-it-yourself handbook—a guide that will help practitioners develop their own approaches to problem-solving and creating innovation.
Contents
Series Foreword vii
Acknowledgments xiii
Preface xv
1 Challenges 1
We are not solving our problems anymore 1
The challenges 9
Moving forward 18
2 Pioneers 23
The Young Designers foundation 23
The Designing Out Crime center 30
Learning from the pioneers 37
3 Lessons from Design 41
Four questions about design 41
An anatomy of design practices 55
Five lessons from design 59
4 The Frame Creation Model 73
Frame creation 73
Case studies 80
First remarks 97
5 The Principles and Practices of Frame Creation 99
The principles of frame creation 99
Frame creation practices 109
6 The Open, Complex, Dynamic, and Networked Organization 121
Driving innovation 121
Toward frame innovation 126
7 The Three Challenges of Frame Innovation 133
Seeing differently 134
Thinking differently 135
Doing differently 143
8 The Art of Frame Innovation 151
Making it happen 151
Path to action 171
Appendix 1 An Expert Designer at Work 177
Appendix 2 Is Design "Searching" or "Learning"? 183
Appendix 3 More Research Is Needed 187
Appendix 4 Inspiration 189
References 193
Index 201
