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Full Description
An expert offers a guide to where we should use artificial intelligence—and where we should not.
Before we know it, artificial intelligence (AI) will work its way into every corner of our lives, making decisions about, with, and for us. Is this a good thing? There's a tendency to think that machines can be more "objective" than humans—can make better decisions about job applicants, for example, or risk assessments. In Awkward Intelligence, AI expert Katharina Zweig offers readers the inside story, explaining how many levers computer and data scientists must pull for AI's supposedly objective decision making. She presents the good and the bad: AI is good at processing vast quantities of data that humans cannot—but it's bad at making judgments about people.
AI is accurate at sifting through billions of websites to offer up the best results for our search queries and it has beaten reigning champions in games of chess and Go. But, drawing on her own research, Zweig shows how inaccurate AI is, for example, at predicting whether someone with a previous conviction will become a repeat offender. It's no better than simple guesswork, and yet it's used to determine people's futures.
Zweig introduces readers to the basics of AI and presents a toolkit for designing AI systems. She explains algorithms, big data, and computer intelligence, and how they relate to one another. Finally, she explores the ethics of AI and how we can shape the process. With Awkward Intelligence. Zweig equips us to confront the biggest question concerning AI: where we should use it—and where we should not.
Contents
Preface ix
PART I The Toolkit 1
1 Robo-Judges...with Poor Judgment 3
2 The Fact Factories of the Natural Sciences 13
PART II The ABCs of Computer Science 25
3 Algorithms: Instructions for Computers 27
4 Big Data and Data Mining 55
5 Computer Intelligence 89
6 Machine Learning Versus People 135
7 Are We Literate Yet? 151
PART III The Path to Better Decisions, With and Without Machines 153
8 Algorithms, Discrimination and Ideology 155
9 How to Stay in Control 177
10 Who Wants Machines Making Decisions About People, Anyway? 193
11 It's Time for "The Talk" about Strong AI 205
Postscript 217
Glossary 223
Notes 229
Index 249
