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Song Jiaoren (1882-1913) was early-twentieth-century China's greatest champion of constitutional democracy. Fleeing the police after a failed plot in 1904, the young revolutionary found refuge in Japan, where his eyes were opened to new political possibilities. Along with Sun Yatsen, he was one of the founders of the Nationalist Party, turning an underground organization into a nationwide force. After the 1911 revolution, Song campaigned for a truly democratic constitution guaranteeing a representative government. Following parliamentary elections in 1913, he was on the verge of becoming prime minister—but he was struck down by an assassin's bullet on a Shanghai railway platform, and China began its descent into chaos and authoritarianism.
Don C. Price provides the definitive biography of Song Jiaoren, recounting his remarkable career and illuminating a period of epochal change. Drawing on a wide variety of sources—especially his revealing diary—this book chronicles Song's life and times, interweaving his personal relationships with his revolutionary activities and intellectual development. From his early life in a rural interior province to his Japanese exile through his meteoric ascent and tragic death, it explores how Song became an unwavering advocate for democracy—and why antidemocratic forces sought to eliminate him. By detailing Song's legacy, this book sheds light on the roots of democratic aspirations in China and on the path not taken in the country's tumultuous history.
Contents
Preface
Part I. The Making of a Revolutionary
1. Traditions of Taoyuan
2. Legends of a Rebellious Youth
3. Academies and Examinations
4. In Search of Heroes
5. Revolution for the Ancestors
6. Flight and Encounter
Part II. Japan as Refuge, Support, Inspiration
7. Challenges
8. Wider Horizons, New Comrades
9. Leadership Issues
10. Protests and Suicide
11. Personal Crises
12. The Mind-Body Problem
13. World Revolution
14. Reorientation
15. Ancestral Identity Revisted
16. Visions of Manchuria
Part III. Japanese Imperialism, the Qing State, and Strategies for Revolution
17. Mounted Bandits
18. The Jiandao Question
19. Friends, Foes, and Finances
Part IV. Triumph, Death, and Beyond
20. Punditry, Polemics, Politics
21. Revolution's Enemies
22. Cabinet, Parties, Elections
23. The Jaws of Victory
24. The Path Not Taken
Acknowledgments
Notes
Bibliography
Index
