- ホーム
- > 洋書
- > 英文書
- > Philosophy
Full Description
Advocacy and Opposition: An Introduction to Argumentation presents a comprehensive and practical approach to argumentation and critical thinking for the beginner who needs to construct and present arguments on questions of fact, value, and policy.
Advocacy and Opposition offers a theoretical view of the nature of argument in our society, a discussion of arguing as a form of communication, and a focus on how arguments are created using the Toulmin model of argument. By blending traditional and contemporary views on the nature of argument (including multicultural perspectives on the purpose and process of argument, ethics, and values), Advocacy and Opposition makes students more aware of both the development of theory and practice, providing a well-rounded approach to their study of argumentation.
Contents
Table of Contents
What is argumentation?
The nature of argumentation
The nature of the audience
The historical development of argumentation
Ethical standards for argumentation
Where do I begin in argumentation?
Fields of argumentation
Presumption
Burden of proof
The prima facie case
What am I going to argue about?
The nature of propositions
The classification of propositions
Phrasing the proposition
Defining key terms
How do I analyze propositions?
Locating the immediate cause
Investigating history
Defining key terms and creating the primary inference
Determining the issues
How is a unit of argument created?
The Toulmin model of argument
How do I prove my argument?
The discovery of evidence
Types and tests of evidence
Recording evidence
How do I reason with my audience?
Argument from cause
Argument from sign
Argument from generalization
Argument from parallel case
Argument from analogy
Argument from authority
Argument from dilemma
What should I avoid?
Fallacies of reasoning
Fallacies of appeal
Fallacies of language
How are factual propositions argued?
Advocating propositions of fact
Opposing propositions of fact
How are value propositions argued?
The nature of values
Advocating propositions of value
Opposing propositions of value
How are policy propositions argued?
Advocating propositions of policy
Opposing propositions of policy
Appendix A: What are the rules of the game?
Debate formats
Speaker responsibilities
Flow sheeting
Glossary Index
