Full Description
Although criminal justice systems in developed Western countries are much alike in form, structure, and function, the American system is unique. While it is structurally similar to those of other Western countries, the punishments it imposes are often vastly harsher. No other Western country retains capital punishment or regularly employs life-without-parole, three-strikes, or lengthy mandatory minimum sentencing laws. As a result, the U.S. imprisonment rate of nearly 800 per 100,000 residents dwarfs rates elsewhere.
The Oxford Handbook of Crime and Criminal Justice is an essential guide to the development and operation of the American criminal justice system. A leading scholar in the field and an experienced editor, Michael Tonry has brought together a team of first-rate scholars to provide an authoritative and comprehensive overview and introduction to this crucial institution. Expertly organized, the various sections of the Handbook explore the American criminal justice system from a variety of perspectives-including its purposes, functions, problems, and priorities-and present analyses of police and policing, juvenile justice, prosecution and sentencing, and community and institutional corrections, making it a complete and unrivaled portrait of how America approaches crime and criminal justice, and giving persuasive answers as to why and how it has developed to what it is today.
Accessibly written for a wide audience, the Handbook serves as a definitive reference for scholars and a broad survey for students in criminology and criminal justice.
Contents
List of Contributors ; 1. Crime and Criminal Justice (Michael Tonry) ; 2. Crime Trends (Eric Baumer) ; 3. Evidence-based Crime Policy (Brandon C. Welsh and David P. Farrington) ; Purposes and Functions ; 4. Punishment (Michael Tonry) ; 5. Crime Prevention (Brandon C. Welsh) ; 6. Treatment and Rehabilitation (Frank T. Cullen and Paula Smith) ; 7. General Deterrence (Robert Apel and Daniel Nagin) ; 8. Reparation and Restoration (Kathy Daly and Gitana Proietti-Scifoni) ; 9. Reassurance, Reinforcement, and Legitimacy (Matt Matravers) ; Problems and Priorities ; 10. Drugs and Crime (Jonathan P. Caulkins and Mark A. R. Kleiman) ; 11. Race, Ethnicity, and Crime (Cassia Spohn) ; 12. Sex, Gender, and Crime (Rosemary Gartner) ; 13. Immigrants and Crime (Sandra Bucerius) ; 14. Guns and Crime (Charles Wellford) ; 15. Work and Crime (Aaron Chalfin and Steven Raphael) ; Police and Policing ; 16. Police Organization (Stephen D. Mastrofski and James J. Willis) ; 17. Police and Crime Control (Lawrence W. Sherman) ; 18. Community and Problem-oriented Policing (Michael D. Reisig) ; 19. Legitimacy and Lawful Policing (Sanja Kutnjak Ivkovic) ; Juvenile Justice ; 20. Juvenile Justice (Barry C. Feld and Donna M. Bishop) ; Prosecution and Sentencing ; 21. Prosecution (Candace McCoy) ; 22. Sentencing (Brian Johnson) ; 23. Mandatory Penalties (Michael Tonry) ; 24. Capital Punishment (Ray Paternoster) ; Community and Institutional Corrections ; 25. Jails and Pretrial Release (Brandon Applegate) ; 26. Probation and Community Penalties (Stan C. Proband) ; 27. Drug and Other Specialty Courts (Ojmarrh Mitchell) ; 28. Prisons (Yvonne Jewkes) ; 29. Women's Prisons (Candace Kruttschnitt) ; 30. Parole and Prisoner Reentry (Joan Petersilia)
