政党と民主主義の危機<br>Political Parties and the Crisis of Democracy : Organization, Resilience, and Reform

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政党と民主主義の危機
Political Parties and the Crisis of Democracy : Organization, Resilience, and Reform

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  • 製本 Hardcover:ハードカバー版／ページ数 640 p.
  • 言語 ENG
  • 商品コード 9780198888734

Full Description

Democracy is in decline and the share of world's population living in freedom under democratic government has decreased considerably as authoritarian practices proliferate. Surprisingly, most of the analyses that study these developments give little attention to the role of political parties in the decline of democracy although there is a broad consensus about the relevance of political parties for the functioning of democracy.

How parties can contribute to democracy is best understood by looking at a very diverse range of cases in different parts of the world. Instead of taking a regional approach which dominates the literature on political parties, this volume takes a global perspective. It brings together experts from four continents, which opens up fresh comparative perspectives on the role of political parties in the democratic process.

Political Parties and the Crisis of Democracy asks how parties contribute to the consolidation of democracy, why they fail today, why new parties emerge and displace old parties, and also what parties need to do in order to survive cutthroat competition, above all with a new (and sometimes not so new) variants of populist parties.
It takes a unique global focus, covering old and new democracies in different regions of the world. It covers Western and Central Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America and Africa, Turkey and Israel, including presidential, semi-presidential, and parliamentary democracies and also some countries where democracy is seriously threatened or eroding.

This volume offers unique comparative perspectives combined with a detailed analysis of individual countries and their party systems. It shows that parties are central actors for the consolidation of democracy, but that organisational reforms are necessary to cope with social change such as individualisation, the decline in party membership and the impact of new media and modern communication, thus counteracting the fragmentation of party systems and the decay of democracy.

This is an open access title available under the terms of a [CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International] licence. It is free to read at Oxford Scholarship Online and offered as a free PDF download from OUP and selected open access locations.

Contents

1: Thomas Poguntke and Wilhelm Hofmeister: Introduction
2: Thomas Poguntke, Paul Webb, and Susan E. Scarrow: Analyzing political parties and democracy: Themes, questions, problems
Political parties and democratic challenges in Western and Central Europe, Israel and Turkey
3: John Bartle, Nicholas Allen, Thomas Quinn: The United Kingdom party system
4: Elodie Fabre: French political parties and democracy
5: Michael Angenendt and Simon D. Brause: The long way towards polarized pluralism: Party and party system change in Germany
6: Tomá%s Cirhan and Petr Kopecký: Fragmentation and anti-establishment politics: Czech party system in the 2020s
7: Enrico Calossi and Eugenio Pizzimenti: Italian parties and party system(s)
8: Costas Eleftheriou: The Greek party system's ongoing crisis: the cases of ND, SYRIZA, and PASOK-KINAL
9: Toygar Sinan Baykan: Parties and the party system in Turkey: From the system of