Full Description
While the first half of the 20th century was characterized by total war, the second half witnessed, at least in the Western world, a massive expansion of the modern welfare state. A growing share of the population was covered by ever more generous systems of social protection that dramatically reduced poverty and economic inequality in the post-war decades. With it also came a growth in social spending, taxation and regulation that changed the nature of the modern state and the functioning of market economies. Whether and in which ways warfare and the rise of the welfare state are related, is subject of this volume.
Distinguishing between three different phases (war preparation, wartime mobilization, and the post-war period), the volume provides the first systematic comparative analysis of the impact of war on welfare state development in the western world. The chapters written by leading scholars in this field examine both short-term responses to and long-term effects of war in fourteen belligerent, occupied, and neutral countries in the age of mass warfare stretching over the period from ca. 1860 to 1960. The volume shows that both world wars are essential for understanding several aspects of welfare state development in the western world.
Contents
1: Herbert Obinger, Klaus Petersen, and Peter Starke: Introduction: Studying the Welfare-War Nexus
2: Peter Starke: The Impact of War on Welfare State Development in Germany
3: Herbert Obinger: War Preparation, Warfare, and the Welfare State in Austria
4: Maurizio Ferrera: Italy: Wars, Political Extremism, and the Constraints to Welfare Reform
5: Timothy B. Smith: The Two World Wars and Social Policy in France
6: Gregory J. Kasza: Welfare Policy and War in Japan
7: Robert P. Saldin: Foreign Policy on the Home Front: War and the Fevelopment of the American Welfare State
8: David Edgerton: War and the Development of the British Welfare State
9: Christopher Lloyd and Tim Battin: Reinforcements for the Wage-Earners' Welfare State? The Effects of the Two World Wars on Australia's Model of Welfare
10: Pauli Kettunen: Wars, Nation, and the Welfare State in Finland
11: Klaus Petersen and Nils Arne Sørensen: From Military State to Welfare State: The War-Welfare Nexus in Denmark, 1848-1950s
12: Dirk Luyten: Diverging Paths: The Impact of the Two World Wars on Welfare State Development in Belgium and the Netherlands
13: Matthieu Leimgruber: War and Social Policy Development in Switzerland, 1870-1990
14: Michael Shalev and John Gal: Bullets and Benefits in the Israeli Welfare State
15: Herbert Obinger, Klaus Petersen, Carina Schmitt, and Peter Starke: War and Welfare States Before and After 1945: Conclusions and Perspectives
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