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Full Description
The deep divides that define politics in the United States are not restricted to policy or even cultural differences anymore. Americans no longer agree on basic questions of fact. Is climate change real? Does racism still determine who gets ahead? Is sexual orientation innate? Do immigration and free trade help or hurt the economy? Does gun control reduce violence? Are false convictions common?
Employing several years of original survey data and experiments, Marietta and Barker reach a number of enlightening and provocative conclusions: dueling fact perceptions are not so much a product of hyper-partisanship or media propaganda as they are of simple value differences and deepening distrust of authorities. These duels foster social contempt, even in the workplace, and they warp the electorate. The educated -- on both the right and the left -- carry the biggest guns and are the quickest to draw. And finally, fact-checking and other proposed remedies don't seem to holster too many weapons; they can even add bullets to the chamber. Marietta and Barker's pessimistic conclusions will challenge idealistic reformers.
Contents
Preface
1. Introduction: Truth & Trust
Part I Concepts
2. What Smarter People Have Said About Facts: Philosophical & Psychological Foundations
3. Dueling Facts in Political Science
4. Dueling Facts in American Politics
Part II Causes
5. Your Facts or Mine? The Psychology of Fact Perceptions
6. The Psychology of Fact Perceptions II: Value Projection
7. Polarized Leaders Versus Polarized Values
8. A Theory of Intuitive Epistemology
9. The Roots of Certainty: Sacred Values and Sacred Facts
Part III Consequences
10. The Democratic Consequences of Dueling Facts
11. Disdain & Disengagement: The Social Consequences of Dueling Fact Perceptions
Part IV Correctives
12. Political Knowledge and Fractured Perceptions: Education is Not the Answer
13. Let Facts Be Submitted to a Candid World: Fact-Checking as a Potential Solution
14. Citizen Reponses to Fact-Checking
15. Symmetry, Asymmetry, and Durability
Part V Conclusion
16. Conclusion: Facts & Values, Knowledge & Democracy
References
Appendix