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Address the #1 Success Factor in SOA ImplementationsBusiness-Driven GovernanceInadequate governance might be the most widespread root cause of SOA failure. In SOA Governance, a team of IBM's leading SOA governance experts share hard-won best practices for governing IT in any service-oriented environment.The authors begin by introducing a comprehensive SOA governance model that has worked in the field. They define what must be governed, identify key stakeholders, and review the relationship of SOA governance to existing governance bodies as well as governance frameworks like COBIT. Next, they walk you through SOA governance assessment and planning, identifying and fixing gaps, setting goals and objectives, and establishing workable roadmaps and governance deliverables. Finally, the authors detail the build-out of the SOA governance model with a case study. The authors illuminate the unique issues associated with applying IT governance to a services model, including the challenges of compliance auditing when service behavior is inherently unpredictable. They also show why services governance requires a more organizational, business-centric focus than "conventional" IT governance. Coverage includes Understanding the problems SOA governance needs to solveEstablishing and governing service production lines that automate SOA development activitiesIdentifying reusable elements of your existing IT governance model and prioritizing improvements Establishing SOA authority chains, roles, responsibilities, policies, standards, mechanisms, procedures, and metrics Implementing service versioning and granularity Refining SOA governance frameworks to maintain their vitality as business and IT strategies changeIntroduction: A Services Approach Chapter 1: Introduction to Governance Chapter 2: SOA Governance Assessment and Planning Chapter 3: Building the Service Factory Chapter 4: Governing the Service Factory Chapter 5: Implementing the SOA Governance Model Chapter 6: Managing the Service Lifecycle Chapter 7: Governance Vitality Chapter 8: SOA Governance Case Study Appendix A: Glossary Appendix B: References Index
Contents
IntroductionBenefits of SOA 2What Goes Right? 4What Goes Wrong? 6Conclusion 9Chapter 1: Introduction to Governance 11Defining Governance 12Corporate Governance 14EnterpriseGovernance 15IT Governance 15SOA Governance 16SOA Governance Paradigm 18IT Governance Reference Sources 22ITIL-Information Technology Information Library 23IT Governance Institute' (ITGI) version 4.1 of Control Objectives for Information and Related Technology (COBIT) 24The SOA Governance and Management Model 25SOA Vision 26Governance Processes 27Processes to be Governed and ESB Services Processes 30Governance Mechanisms 33Principles, Policies, Standards, and Procedures 33Monitors and Metrics 34Skills 35Organizational Change Management 35Infrastructure and Tools 35Case Study Background 36Company Background 36Business Goals 38Conclusion 40Chapter 2: SOA Governance Assessment and Planning 41Setting the Vision 42What Distinguishes the SOA Winners? 43Antipatterns: Common SOA Pitfalls 46SOA Governance Capabilities 50Plan & Organize 50Program Management Controls 53Service Development Lifecycle 54Service Operations 56Understanding the Patient's History 57Understanding the Patient's Symptoms and Diagnosing the Root Causes 60Program Management Controls 64Service Development Lifecycle 66Service Operations 67Determine the Patient's Ability to Accept the Treatment Needed to Effect a Cure 68Organization Type 69Suitability Considerations 70Determining the Governance Priorities and Near-Term Goals 73Case Study 84SOA Planning Assessment 84Conclusion 88Chapter 3: Building the Service Factory 89How to Succeed with SOA 90A Divide-and-Conquer Approach to Managing Complexity 91The Case for Creating a Service Factory 94Populating the Service Factory: Roles and Responsibilities 97The SOA "Plan & Organize" Domain 114SOA Plan & Organize Domain Work-Product Definitions 121The SOA Program Management Controls Domain 146Program Management Controls Domain Work Product Definitions 152Case Study 161Service Transformation Planning 161Conclusion 163Chapter 4: Governing the Service Factory 165Essential Competencies for Succeeding with SOA 166Effective Requirements Collection 166Competency in Service Design 167Competency in Service Development 167Competency in Service Testing and Deployment 168Competency in Operational Management and Monitoring of Services 168Service Development Lifecycle Control Points 168Business Requirements and Service Identification Control Point 172Solution Architecture Control Point 173Service Specification Control Point 174Service Design Control Point 174Service Vitality Control Point 177The Service Development Domain 178Key Capabilities Needed to Govern Service Development 179Service Development Domain Work Product Definitions 183The Service Operations Domain 201Key SOA Governance Tasks Involved in Operating Services 201Service Operations Domain Work Product Definitions 203Case Study 209Service Development Lifecycle Controls 209Control Gates for Ideation 210Conclusion 217Chapter 5: Implementing the SOA Governance Model 219A Model for SOA Governance 220SOA Governance Staffing 221SOA Governance Implementation Timeline 223The Plan Phase 223Activity 1.1: Project Startup 224Activity 1.2: SOA Business Discovery 227Activity 1.3: Determine IT Governance Environment Readiness 229Activity 1.4: Define Scope of SOA Governance and Management Model 231The Define Phase 235Activity 2.1: Refine SOA Principles 236Activity 2.2: Modify the Existing Governance Organizational Model and Create the SOA CoE 237Activity 2.3 Define or Modify Governance Processes 240Activity 2.4: Define Processes to Be Governed and Close SOA Governance Capability Gaps 242Activity 2.5: Define SOA Governance Infrastructure and Tools 245Activity 2.6: Create SOA Governance Plans 247Enable Phase 249Task 3.1: Execute Enable 250Measure Phase 256Activity 4.1: Execute Measurement 257Case Study 260Service Processes, Organizations, Roles, and Responsibilities 260Service Ownership and Funding 263Conclusion 264Chapter 6: Managing the Service Lifecycle 265Preparing for the Requirements Capture and Service Identification Control Point 267Capturing Requirements "Top Down" 267Capturing Business Requirements "Bottom Up" 270Service Identification 271Preparing for the Solution Architecture Control Point 277Preparing for the Service Specification Control Point 278Preparing for the Service Design Control Point 279Preparing for the Service Realization Control Point 281Preparing for the Service Testing Control Point 282Preparing for the Service Certification and Deployment Control Point 283Preparing for the Service Vitality Control Point 285Service and Process Lifecycles: Overview 285Regulating Service Granularity 287Step 1. Are the Candidate Operations Tasks or Services? 288Step 2. Can the Candidate Operations Be Automated? 294Step 3. Are the Candidate Operations Really Reusable? 295Step 4. Are the Scopes of Each Candidate Operation Realistic? 297Step 5. Does Each Candidate Operation Have Visible Business Value? 299Notes on Granularity of Data-Related Services 299Managing Service Versioning 301Designing Future-Proof Services 302Communicating with Service Consumers 303Case Study 304Service Certification 304Conclusion 307Chapter 7: Governance Vitality 309Goals and Measurements 310Governance Reporting 318Feedback for Continuous Improvement 321Case Study 325Service Governance Vitality 325Case Study Conclusion 328Conclusion 328Chapter 8: SOA Governance Case Study 329Introduction: Case Study Background 330SOA Governance Assessment and Planning 333SOA Planning Assessment 334Building the Service Factory 337Service Transformation Planning 337Governing the Service Factory 340Service Development Lifecycle Controls 340Control Gates for Ideation 341Implementing the SOA Governance Model 348Service Processes, Organizations, Roles, and Responsibilities 349Service Ownership and Funding 351Managing the Service Lifecycle 353Service Certification 353Governance Vitality 356Service Governance Vitality 357Conclusion 360Appendix A: Glossary 361Appendix B: References 371Index 373
