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Full Description
This selection of articles from the Encyclopedia of the Eye is the first single-volume overview presenting articles on the function, biology, physiology, and pathology of the structures of the ocular periphery, as well as the related disorders and their treatment. The peripheral structures are implicated in a number of important diseases, including optic neuritis, thyroid eye disease, and strabismus. The volume offers a basic science background of these topics rather than a strictly clinical focus.
Contents
I. Anatomy and Pathophysiology of Blinking and Eye Movements
Eyelid anatomy and the pathophysiology of blinking
Differentiation and morphogenesis of extraocular muscles
Extraocular muscle anatomy
Extracocular muscle metabolism
Extraocular muscles: proprioception and proprioceptors
Abnormal eye movements due to disease of the extraocular muscles and their innervation
Extraocular muscles: functional assessment in the clinic
II. Structure and Function of the Tear Film, Ocular Adnexa, Cornea, and Conjunctiva in Health and Pathogenesis in Disease
Meibomian glands and lipid layer
Lacrimal gland overview
Lacrimal gland hormone regulation
Lacrimal gland signaling-neural
Lids: Anatomy, pathophysiology, and mucocutaneous junction
Ocular surface-overview of electrolyte and fluid transport across the conjunctiva
Conjunctival Goblet cells
Ocular mucins
Tear drainage
Cornea overview
Corneal epithelium-cell biology and basic science
Corneal nerves-anatomy
Corneal nerves-function
Corneal epithelium-wound healing junctions, attachment to stroma receptors, matrix metalloproteinases, intercellular communications
Corneal epithelium-transport and permeability
Stem cells of the ocular surface
The ocular surface-the surgical treatment for corneal epithelial stem cell deficiency, corneal epithelial defects, and periferal corneal ulcer
Refractive surgery
Refractive surgery and inlays
Contact lenses
Imaging of the cornea
The corneal stroma
Corneal dystrophies
Corneal imaging-clinical
Corneal scars
Corneal endothelium-overview
Regulation of corneal endothelial function
Regulation of corneal endothelial cell proliferation
Artificial cornea
Drug delivery to cornea and conjunctiva-esterase- and protease-directed prodrug design
Knock-out mice models: cornea, conjunctiva, eyelids, and lacrimal glands
Gene therapy
III. Immune Regulation of the Cornea and Conjunctiva and Its Dysregulation in Disease
Adaptive Immune System and the Eye: Mucosal Immunity
Adaptive immune system and the eye: T-cell mediated immunity
Innate immune system and the eye
Immunoregulatory processes that sustain immune privilege in the eye
Immunosupressive and anti-inflammatory molecules that maintain immune previlege of the eye
Antigen-presenting cells in the eye and ocular surface
Dry eye: An immune-based inflammation
Penetrating keratoplasty
Immunopathogenesis of HSV Keratitis
Immunopathogenesis of Onchocerciasis (River Blindness)
Immunopathogenesis of pseudomonas keratitis
Immunobiology of acanthomeba karatitis
Molecular and cellular mechanisms in allergic conjunctivitis
Pathogenesis of fungal keratitis
Conjunctiva Immune surveillance
Defense mechanisms of tears and ocular surface
Corneal epithelium- response to infection
Inflammation of the Conjunctiva
Concept of Angiogenic Privilege
Corneal angiogenesis
Avascularity of the cornea
IV. Visual Acuity Related to the Cornea and Its Disorders
Visual optics: pupil
Acuity
Contrast sensitivity
Astigmatism
Vera-Diaz- Myopia
Levi-Amblyopia
Harb- Hyperopia
