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Given the widespread use of polymers in medical devices, the durability and reliability of this material in use is an area of critical importance. Durability and reliability of medical polymers reviews the performance of both bioresorbable and non-bioresorbable medical polymers.Part one provides a review of the types and properties of bioresorbable medical polymers. The effect of molecular structure on properties is discussed, along with the processing of bioresorbable and other polymers for medical applications. Transport phenomena and the degradation of bioresorbable medical polymers are reviewed, before an exploration of synthetic bioresorbable polymers and their use in orthopaedic tissue regeneration. Part two goes on to explore the durability and reliability of non-bioresorbable medical polymers, and wear processes in polymer implants and ageing processes of biomedical polymers in the body are discussed in depth, before an investigation into manufacturing defects and the failure of synthetic polymeric medical devices.With its distinguished editors and international team of expert contributors, Durability and reliability of medical polymers is an essential tool for all materials scientists, researchers and engineers involved in the design, development and application of medical polymers, whilst also providing a helpful overview of the subject for biologists, chemist and clinicians.
Contents
Contributor contact detailsWoodhead Publishing Series in BiomaterialsPart I: Types and properties of bioresorbable medicalpolymersChapter 1: Types of bioresorbable polymers for medical applicationsAbstract:1.1 Introduction1.2 Aliphatic polyesters1.3 Polyanhydrides1.4 Poly(ortho esters)1.5 Polyphosphazenes1.6 Poly(amino acids) and 'pseudo' poly(amino acids)1.7 Polyalkylcyanoacrylates1.8 Poly(propylene fumarate) (PPF), poloxamers, poly(p-dioxanone) (PPDO), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)Chapter 2: The effect of molecular structure on the properties of biomedical polymersAbstract:2.1 Introduction: the molecular structure of polymers2.2 Molecular weight and polymer properties2.3 Macromolecular conformation, crystallisation and polymer properties2.4 The effect of the amorphous state and glass transition temperature on polymer properties2.5 Biphasic systems: linear crystalline polymers and their propertiesChapter 3: Processing of bioresorbable and other polymers for medical applicationsAbstract:3.1 Introduction3.2 Extrusion3.3 Mixing processes3.4 Molding processes3.5 Secondary shaping3.6 Calendering3.7 Coating3.8 Foaming3.9 Solvent casting3.10 Challenges in biopolymer processing3.11 ConclusionsChapter 4: Understanding transport phenomena and degradation of bioresorbable medical polymersAbstract:4.1 Introduction to transport phenomena in irreversible processes4.2 Introduction to mathematical modelling4.3 Conclusions and future trendsChapter 5: Synthetic bioresorbable polymersAbstract:5.1 Introduction5.2 Bioresorbable polymers5.3 Degradation of aliphatic polyesters5.4 Factors affecting aliphatic polymer degradation5.5 Processing and devices5.6 ConclusionsChapter 6: Using synthetic bioresorbable polymers for orthopedic tissue regenerationAbstract:6.1 Introduction6.2 Poly ( -hydroxy acids)6.3 Polylactones6.4 Polyanhydrides6.5 Fumarate-based polymers6.6 Hydrogels6.7 Future trends6.8 ConclusionsPart II: Aspects of durability and reliability of non-bioresorbable medical polymersChapter 7: Wear processes in polymer implantsAbstract:7.1 Introduction7.2 Implants7.3 Wear processes and theory for polymer implants7.4 Polymers7.5 Wear debris in the body7.6 Future trends7.7 Sources of further information and adviceChapter 8: Ageing processes of biomedical polymers in the bodyAbstract:8.1 Introduction8.2 Principles of chemical and biochemical degradation and calcification8.3 Effect of natural ageing of medical polymers8.4 Principles of accelerated ageing8.5 Conclusions and summary8.6 Sources of further information and advice8.7 AcknowledgementsChapter 9: The failure of synthetic polymeric medical devicesAbstract:9.1 Introduction9.2 Forensic methods9.3 Catheter failure9.4 Balloon catheters and angioplasty9.5 Breast implants9.6 Intraocular lenses9.7 Failure of Foley catheters9.8 Sutures9.9 Conclusions9.10 AcknowledgementsChapter 10: Manufacturing defects in polymeric medical devicesAbstract:10.1 Introduction10.2 Polymer moulding10.3 Catheter systems10.4 Security cap for gas cylinders10.5 Breathing tube failures10.6 A failed crutch10.7 Cracked medical tubing10.8 Conclusions10.9 AcknowledgementsIndex
