Description
The Dystonias is a new title introduced under the Contemporary Neurology Series defining the key features of one of the most frequently misdiagnosed of all movement disorders. This volume provides a comprehensive practical clinical resource that addresses how to recognize the many types of dystonia, how they are diagnosed and evaluated, and the currently available medical and surgical treatments. The dystonias are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by excessive muscle contractions leading to abnormal postures and movements. The clinical manifestations of dystonias are quite varied. The dystonias may emerge at any age from infancy through late adulthood, they may affect muscles in nearly any region of the body alone or in various combinations, they may occur without other clinical problems, or they may be combined with other neurological or systemic disorders. There are many causes for dystonia too, both acquired and inherited. The chapters explore the clinical manifestations and causes which are quite varied for all age groups. Among adults, the most common syndromes affect a single body region such as the neck (cervical dystonia or torticollis), craniofacial region (blepharospasm or oromandibular dystonia), one limb (writer's cramp or foot dystonia), the larynx (laryngeal dystonia or spasmodic dysphonia), or another region. For adults, most cases are idiopathic, and a cause cannot be found despite extensive workup. For children, dystonia often spreads to involve a broader region of the body, and a cause is more likely to be discovered. The most common syndromes among children include cerebral palsy or genetic disorders where dystonia may occur in isolation or combined with other clinical problems. The Dystonias will be the most useful guide for both pediatric and adult neurologists, as well as specialists in rehabilitation medicine or physiotherapy. This book will also be valuable for neurosurgeons, ophthalmologists, otolaryngologists, developmentalists, rehab specialists and physiotherapists.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: A brief history of the concept of dystonia and its evolutionChapter 2: The defining clinical features of dystoniaChapter 3: Classification and diagnostic strategy for dystoniaChapter 4: Epidemiology of the dystoniasChapter 5: Cervical dystoniasChapter 6: Craniofacial dystoniasChapter 7: Laryngeal dystoniasChapter 8: Limb dystoniasChapter 9: Isolated generalized dystoniasChapter 10: Musician's and other task-specific dystoniasChapter 11: Non-motor features of dystoniaChapter 12: Dystonia and tremorChapter 13: Dystonia and parkinsonismChapter 14: Dystonia and ataxiaChapter 15: Dystonia and myoclonusChapter 16: Dystonia and cerebral palsyChapter 17: Dystonia and the paroxysmal dyskinesiasChapter 18: Dystonias combined with other featuresChapter 19: Dystonia induced by medications, illicit drugs, and environmental toxinsChapter 20: Dystonia and traumaChapter 21: Dystonia and autoimmunityChapter 22: Dystonia geneticsChapter 23: The neuroanatomical substrates of dystoniaChapter 24: Dystonia physiologyChapter 25: Psychogenic (functional) dystoniaChapter 26: Pseudodystonia and differential diagnosisChapter 27: Workup of dystoniaChapter 28: Symptom-targeted oral medications for dystoniaChapter 29: Special interventions for certain types of dystoniaChapter 30: Botulinum toxin treatment for dystoniaChapter 31: Surgical treatments for dystoniaChapter 32: Physiotherapy and complementary medicine for dystonia
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