Description
Indonesia’s commitment to reducing land-based greenhouse gas emissions significantly includes the expansion of conservation areas, but these developments are not free of conflicts. This book provides a comprehensive analysis of agrarian conflicts in the context of the implementation of REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) and forest carbon offsetting in Indonesia, a country where deforestation is a major issue.
The author analyzes new kinds of transnational agrarian conflicts which have strong implications for global environmental justice in the REDD+ pilot province of Jambi on the island of Sumatra. The chapters cover: the rescaling of the governance of forests; privatization of conservation; and the transnational dimensions of agrarian conflicts and peasants' resistance in the context of REDD+. The book builds on an innovative conceptual approach linking political ecology, politics of scale and theories of power. It fills an important knowledge and research gap by focusing on the socially differentiated impacts of REDD+ and new forest carbon offsetting initiatives in Southeast Asia, providing a multi-scalar perspective.
It is aimed at scholars in the areas of political ecology, human geography, climate change mitigation, forest and natural resource management, as well as environmental justice and agrarian studies.
The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.tandfebooks.com/doi/view/10.4324/9781351066020, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
Introducing the politics of REDD+ and peasant resistance
A guide through the book
2. Conceptual, theoretical and methodological underpinning for a political ecology of transnational agrarian conflicts
Political ecology
Linking social-spatial theory with conservation territories and property relations
Conceptualizing power and resistance
Key arguments
Multi-sited qualitative research
3. Rescaling of the governance of forests and land in Indonesia
The history of Indonesia’s forest and land tenure governance
Access to different types of de jure land and forest rights
Jambi’s contested landscapes: From dispossession and development to conservation
De Facto land tenure and the "making" of new property in the state forest territory
Counter territories and settlement schemes prior to the formation of the Harapan Rainforest project
Village-scale peat-swamp conversion and settlement schemes in the surroundings of the Berbak Carbon Initiative
Summary and preliminary conclusion
4. REDD+, Privatization and transnationalization of conservation in Indonesia
REDD+ governance and attempts to commodify forest carbon
Indonesian REDD+ governance
Privatization and transnationalization of conservation: conservation concessions and co-management
Summary and preliminary conclusion
5. Transnationalized agrarian conflicts in the REDD+
The formation of resistance movements and alternative scales of meaning and regulation
Agro-industrial expansion, land concentration and violence at Jambi’s oil palm frontier
Conservation vs. agrarian reform: conflict between SPI and the Harapan Rainforest
The conflict about Kunangan Jaya I: defending village expansion
We are here to stay: the conflicts in Camp Gunung and Tanjung Mandiri
Peasants migrants and the state: conflicts among state apparatuses concerning access to and control of the Berbak Carbon Initiative
Summary and preliminary conclusion
6. Conclusion: Towards a political ecology of transnational agrarian conflicts
Elements for a political ecology of transnational agrarian conflict
Final remarks: implications for REDD+, uneven development and future directions of research for political ecology
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