Description
This book is centered on the Venetian humanist Pietro Bembo (1470-1547), on his two-year stay in Sicily in 1492-4 to study the ancient Greek language under one of its most distinguished contemporary teachers, the Byzantine émigré Constantine Lascaris, and above all on his ascent of Mount Etna in 1493. The more particular focus of this study is on the imaginative capacities that crucially shape Bembo's elegantly crafted account, in Latin, of his Etna adventure in his so-called De Aetna, published at the Aldine press in Venice in 1496. This work is cast in the form of a dialogue that takes place between the young Bembo and his father Bernardo (himself a prominent Venetian statesman with strong humanist involvements) after Pietro's return to Venice from Sicily in 1494. But De Aetna offers much more than a one-dimensional account of the facts, sights and findings of Pietro's climb. Far more important in the present study is his eye for creative elaboration, or for transforming his literal experience on the mountain into a meditation on his coming-of-age at a remove from the conventional career-path expected of one of his station within the Venetian patriciate. Three mutually informing features that are critical to the artistic originality of De Aetna receive detailed treatment in this study: (i) the stimulus that Pietro drew from the complex history of Mount Etna as treated in the Greco-Roman literary tradition from Pindar onwards; (ii) the striking novelty of De Aetna's status as the first Latin text produced at the nascent Aldine press in the prototype of what modern typography knows as Bembo typeface; and (iii) Pietro's ingenious deployment of Etna as a powerful, multivalent symbol that simultaneously reflects the diverse characterizations of, and the generational differences between, father and son in the course of their dialogical exchanges within De Aetna.
Table of Contents
ContentsPrefaceAbbreviationsList of IllustrationsIntroductionChapter 1. The Etna IdeaI: Pindar, Pythian 1II: Virgil and LucretiusIII: Seneca, Ovid and the Aetna PoetIV: The Open-Ended Etna IdeaChapter 2. From Memory to ModernityI: Mnemonic TopographyII: Antiquarian Travel before BemboIII: Urbano BolzanioIV: Etna as an Island, Noniano as a Memory PlaceV: Petrarch on Mont VentouxVI: De Aetna and the History of MountaineeringVII: Banishing Hellish Myth and LegendChapter 3. From Venice to Sicily: Bembo's Greek Education, His Teachers,His InspirersI: Poliziano, the Bembine Terence, and Bembo's SognoII: Bembo's Greek Studies in MessinaIII: Absent Presences: Giorgio Valla and Ermolao BarbaroIV: The Half-Story So FarChapter 4. De Aetna in the Context of Quattrocento Venetian HumanismI: Ermolao Barbaro, Born for Letters, Bred for State-ServiceII: The Evolution of Quattrocento Venetian HumanismIII: Pietro's Peers, Gli Asolani, and the Leggi della Compagnia degli Amici(i) Angelo Gabriele(ii) Gli Asolani, and Pietro's Correspondence with Trifone Gabriele(iii) Vincenzo Quirini and Tommaso GiustinianiChapter 5. Physical Form and Textual Meaning in the Aldine Book: The SymbolicSignificance of TypefaceI: Venice, the Rise of Printing, and the Aldine PressII: The Aldine Octavo Hand-BookIII: The Interrelationship of Physical Form and Textual MeaningIV: Bernardo Bembo, Petrarch's Laura, and Leonardo da Vinci's Ginevra de'BenciV: End-Point, Start-PointChapter 6. Activations of Landscape in De AetnaI: Venice, the Veneto, and Villa CultureII: Father and Son in Pietro's Early VersesIII: The Recalibration of Perspective Through Contrasts of LandscapeIV: Shaping Etna's Landscape Through Poetic InscriptionChapter 7. The Bembo Collection, and Evocations of NonianoI: Pietro Bembo the CollectorII: Coins, Medals, and Valerio Belli's BemboIII: Titian, Bembo, and Evocation of Sweet NonianoIV: De Aetna and Naturalist CollectingV: Bembo and Giovanni BelliniText and TranslationBibliographyIndex of PassagesGeneral IndexIndex of Latin WordsIndex of Greek Words
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