Description
An understanding of mechanisms underlying seizure disorders depends critically on the insights provided by model systems. In particular with the development of cellular, molecular, and genetic investigative tools, there has been an explosion of basic epilepsy research. Models of Seizures and Epilepsy brings together, for the first time in 30 years, an overview of the most widely-used models of seizures and epilepsy.Chapters cover a broad range of experimental approaches (from in vitro to whole animal preparations), a variety of epileptiform phenomenology (including burst discharges and seizures), and suggestions for model characterization and validation, such as electrographic, morphologic, pharmacologic, and behavioral features. Experts in the field provide not only technical reviews of these models but also conceptual critiques - commenting on the strengths and limitations of these models, their relationship to clinical phenomenology, and their value in developing a better understanding and treatments.Models of Seizures and Epilepsy is a valuable, practical reference for investigators who are searching for the most appropriate laboratory models for addressing key questions in the field. It also provides an important background for physicians, fellows, and students, offering insight into the potential for advances in epilepsy research.- The first comprehensive description of animal models of epilepsy since the early 1970's- Comprehensive analysis of "What the models model" to guide the selection of each model, and what specific questions it will answer- Elegant examples of the use of novel technologies that can be applied in experimental epilepsy research- World expert opinions on the clinical relevance of each model
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: What Should Be Modeled?A.: IN VITRO PREPARATIONSChapter 2: Single Nerve Cells Acutely Dissociated from Animal and Human Brains for Studies of EpilepsyChapter 3: Cell Culture Models for Studying EpilepsyChapter 4: An Overview of In Vitro Seizure Models in Acute and Organotypic SlicesChapter 5: The Use of Brain Slice Cultures for the Study of EpilepsyChapter 6: Hippocampal Slices: Designing and Interpreting Studies in Epilepsy ResearchChapter 7: Thalamic, Thalamocortical, and Corticocortical Models of Epilepsy with an Emphasis on Absence SeizuresChapter 8: Studying Epilepsy in the Human Brain In VitroChapter 9: In Vitro Isolated Guinea Pig BrainB.: INDUCED SEIZURES IN INTACT ANIMALSChapter 10: Pharmacologic Models of Generalized Absence Seizures in RodentsChapter 11: Models of Chemically-Induced Acute SeizuresChapter 12: Electrical Stimulation-Induced Models of SeizuresChapter 13: Alcohol Withdrawal SeizuresChapter 14: Alumina Gel Injection Models of Epilepsy in MonkeysC.: GENETIC MODELSChapter 15: Modeling Epilepsy and Seizures in Developing Zebrafish LarvaeChapter 16: Transgenic and Gene Replacement Models of Epilepsy: Targeting Ion Channel and Neurotransmission Pathways in MiceChapter 17: Spontaneous Epileptic Mutations in the MouseChapter 18: Genetic Models of Absence Epilepsy in the RatChapter 19: Models with Spontaneous Seizures and Developmental Disruption of Genetic EtiologyChapter 20: Mammalian Models of Genetic Epilepsy Characterized by Sensory-Evoked Seizures and Generalized Seizure SusceptibilityChapter 21: Inherited Epilepsy in Mongolian GerbilsD.: ACQUIRED FOCAL MODELSChapter 22: The Cortical Freeze Lesion ModelChapter 23: MAM and Other "Lesion Models of Developmental EpilepsyChapter 24: In Utero Irradiation as a Model of Cortical DysplasiaChapter 25: Modeling Hypoxia-Induced Seizures and Hypoxic Encephalopathy in the Neonatal PeriodChapter 26: Complex Febrile Seizures—An Experimental Model in Immature RodentsChapter 27: Repetitive Seizures in the Immature BrainChapter 28: The Kindling PhenomenonChapter 29: Kindling Kittens and CatsChapter 30: Electrical Kindling in Developing RatsChapter 31: Chemical KindlingChapter 32: Kindling, Spontaneous Seizures, and the Consequences of Epilepsy: More Than a ModelChapter 33: Tetanus Toxin Model of Focal EpilepsyChapter 34: Kainate-Induced Status Epilepticus: A Chronic Model of Acquired EpilepsyChapter 35: The Pilocarpine Model of SeizuresChapter 36: Status Epilepticus: Electrical Stimulation ModelsChapter 37: Posttraumatic Epilepsy Induced by Lateral Fluid-Percussion Brain Injury in RatsChapter 38: Chronic Partial Cortical IsolationChapter 39: Head Trauma: Hemorrhage-Iron DepositionChapter 40: StrokeChapter 41: Models Available for Infection-Induced SeizuresChapter 42: Brain Tumor and Epilepsy: A New Neurophysiologic and Neuropathologic Ex Vivo In Vitro ModelChapter 43: An Animal Model of Rasmussen's EncephalitisE.: MODELS USED FOR PHARMACOLOGICAL ASSESSMENTChapter 44: Therapeutic Assays for the Identification and Characterization of Antiepileptic and Antiepileptogenic DrugsChapter 45: Animal Models of Drug-Refractory EpilepsyF.: TECHNICAL APPROACHES FOR MODEL CHARACTERIZATIONChapter 46: Monitoring for Seizures in RodentsChapter 47: Imaging Approaches in Small Animal ModelsChapter 48: Behavioral Characterization of Seizures in RatsChapter 49: Behavioral and Cognitive Testing Procedures in Animal Models of EpilepsyChapter 50: Morphologic Approaches to the Characterization of Epilepsy ModelsG.: IMPORTANT QUESTIONSChapter 51: Animal Model Development Based on the Human Epilepsies: Which Causes and Syndromes Should Be Modeled?Chapter 52: What Good Are Animal Models?Index
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