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Full Description
The area between Anderby Creek and Bicker Fen, Lincolnshire, to the west of the Lincolnshire Wolds, represents a dynamic landscape both in terms of its natural and human aspects. This volume presents the results of an extensive programme of archaeological excavation undertaken by Headland Archaeology (UK) Ltd and Allen Archaeology Ltd from 2018 to 2019, where a total of 15 sites were excavated. The excavations uncovered a panoply of remains spanning the prehistoric through to modern periods, providing important insights into changing patterns of occupation and the way this diverse landscape was utilised.
As evidenced through the archaeological works the area saw limited activity during the early prehistoric period, in part reflecting the prevailing environmental conditions in which most of the area was inundated. Among the earliest recorded finds was an enigmatic middle Bronze Age timber structure as well as a copper alloy axe.
During the Roman period there is evidence for an expansion in activity across the Scheme, with formerly inundated areas becoming accessible. Activity within the northern half of the Scheme was focused upon salt production. Two of these sites were dated to the late Roman period, contrary to the prevailing notion that the salt industry in this region had declined by the mid-2nd century AD. Within the southern half of the Scheme were several Roman farmsteads, some featuring timber buildings. Notable among these was an unusual post-built, moated structure. From these sites a range of artefactual and environmental data was collected, providing important insights into the nature of agricultural regimes.
Evidence of medieval and post-medieval activity was also uncovered, providing important insights into the development of rural settlement against a backdrop of landscape and environmental changes. Evidence of late to post-medieval clay extraction and brick manufacture was also identified.
Contents
List of illustrations
List of tables
Acknowledgements
1. Introduction
Claire Christie and Joshua T. Hogue
Background to the project
Landscape Parcels
Monograph structure
2. A changing landscape
Joanna R. Walker and Christine Milton
Warming up: Prehistoric coastlines and landscapes
A dynamic landscape: Middle and late Holocene changes
The initial onset of wet conditions
Slowing sea level rise and marine regression
Renewed expansion of tidal flat areas
Medieval and post-medieval land reclamation
Glossary of terms
3. Prehistoric landscapes
Claire Christie
Mesolithic and Neolithic: prehistoric patterns
Bronze Age: timber and tides
Late Bronze Age - Iron Age beginnings
4. Living near the edge, settlement and agriculture in the Roman period
Maria Stockdale and Owain Scholma-Mason
A Roman agricultural landscape
The environmental evidence
The artefactual evidence
5. An esteemed resource, Roman salt working at Triton Knoll
Owain Scholma-Mason and Tom Lane
The anatomy of salt making
Triton Knoll and salt production in Lincolnshire
6. Inhabiting the Fens: Communities and connections during the Roman period
Owain Scholma-Mason, Maria Stockdale and Tom Lane
Veni, vidi, colui: Roman agriculture at Triton Knoll
Salt of the earth, salt working at Triton Knoll
Building connections: Exchange and community
7. Medieval and post-medieval rural settlement and industry
Joshua T. Hogue and Maria Stockdale
Medieval field systems and landscape evolution
Late medieval and post-medieval industry
The artefactual evidence
The environmental evidence
Conclusion
8. Ebbs and flows: The archaeology of Triton Knoll
Owain Scholma-Mason, Joshua T. Hogue and Claire Christie
Bibliography
